基于扫描成像原理的室内现场足迹提取技术

发布时间：2018-05-22 13:55

本文选题：现场足迹 + 扫描成像　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现场足迹是指作案人员在进行某种作案行为时,在案发现场留下的脚印或者鞋印。由于犯罪行为的发生率的日益增大,对于犯罪现场足迹的提取与分析就愈发显得重要。现场足迹对于刑事案件来说是一种具有很高价值的证据。借助于对现场足迹的处理与分析,警方工作人员推测出作案人员的基本信息以及一些个人习惯,比如性别、身高、体重、行走步态等,这在案件的侦破过程中可以缩小调查的范围,甚至做到犯罪嫌疑人的追踪,有利于警力的合理分配和真正做到有的放矢。鉴于现场足迹的普遍性以及其产生条件和客观条件,如何能够有效的对犯罪现场的足迹进行发现、鉴别、提取就显得格外重要,也是众多环节中的第一步。目前在刑侦领域提取现场足迹时,一般采用强警光照射的配光方式,然后通过照相机进行拍照成像。这样的做法全靠人工操作,且操作比较复杂,浪费时间和人力。这种常规方法的缺陷如下:1、成像环境受到周围环境光的影响;2、有些足迹垂直方向无法辨别出来,但若是利用照相机倾斜拍照,则无法避免由于倾斜成像导致的图像畸变;3、成像质量受到背景的条纹和图案影响,尤其对于彩色背底上的足迹,很难清晰成像;4、由光源不够均匀的因素而导致图像明暗不均,所成的像的质量差。5、采集到的足迹图像很大程度上受到操作人员的技术水平的限制,同时也可能受到器件抖动等因素造成的影响。上面的这些问题都严重影响了足迹的提取和成像质量,使得刑侦工作的后续部分受到一定程度的阻碍。本论文设计了一种新型提取现场足迹的装置,它是基于掠入射和扫描成像的工作原理,实现对现场足迹图像的有效提取。与现有技术相比,具有以下优点:1、有效的保证在扫描成像时屏蔽了周围环境光的影响,提高了成像的质量;2、有效保证了成像的准确性,因为采用了扫描成像的方式,所以避免了常规拍照方式造成的足迹图像倾斜畸形,保证了每部分的真实情况。3、采用了条形线偏振光源掠入射配光的方式,同时保证扫描成像单元接收的光的出射方向贴近足迹平面,保证了足迹的清晰呈现。4、扫描成像照明光源前端和足迹漫反射光接收端都配有线偏振片,增大了成像时足迹与背景的反差。本论文中设计开发的现场足迹提取装置可以有效提取现场足迹图像,为案件的侦破工作提供有价值的信息和帮助,具有很高的实用价值。
[Abstract]:Site footprints are the footprints or imprints left at the scene of a crime scene by the perpetrators. Because of the increasing incidence of criminal behavior, the extraction and analysis of the crime scene is becoming more and more important. The field footprint is a highly valuable evidence for criminal cases. In the process and analysis of the field footprints, police officers speculate about the basic information of the workers and some personal habits, such as sex, height, weight, walking gait and so on. This can reduce the scope of the investigation in the detection process of the case, even follow the suspects' tracking, which is beneficial to the rational distribution of police force and the real achievement of some people. In view of the universality of the field footprints and its conditions and objective conditions, it is very important to find out the footprints of the crime scene, identify and extract the footprints of the crime, and it is also the first step in many links. The camera is photographed and imaging. It is done manually, and the operation is more complex, waste time and manpower. The defects of the conventional method are as follows: 1, the imaging environment is affected by the ambient light; 2, some tracks can not be identified vertically, but if the camera is inclined to take pictures, it is impossible to avoid the inclination because of the tilt. Image distortion like the resulting image distortion; 3, the image quality is affected by the background stripes and patterns, especially for the footprints on the color back bottom, and it is difficult to clear the image clearly; 4, the image is not uniform by the inhomogeneous factor of the light source, and the quality difference of the image is.5, and the captured footprint image is largely limited by the technical level of the operator. It can also be affected by factors such as device jitter. These problems have seriously affected the extraction and imaging quality of the footprint, and make the follow-up part of the criminal investigation work to a certain extent. This paper designs a new device for the extraction of the field footprint, which is based on the work of grazing incidence and scanning imaging. Compared with the existing technology, it has the following advantages: 1, it effectively guarantees the influence of the ambient light in the scanning imaging, improves the quality of the imaging; 2, effectively ensures the accuracy of the imaging, because the scanning imaging method is adopted, so the conventional photography is avoided. The footmark Image tilt deformity ensures the true situation of each part of the.3, and uses a strip line polarization light source to sweep the incident light, and ensure that the direction of the image received by the scanning imaging unit is close to the footprint plane, so as to ensure the clear.4 of the footprint, and the front end of the scanning imaging lighting source and the receiving end of the footprint diffuse light are all wired. The polarizer increases the contrast between the footprint and the background of the image. The field footprint extraction device designed and developed in this paper can effectively extract the field footprint image, which provides valuable information and help for the detection of the case, and has a high practical value.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D918.91

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