中国户籍制度改革的问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 18:24

本文选题：户籍制度 + 城乡二元结构　；参考：《华东师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制的转变,实现了改革开放新的历史性突破,打开了我国经济、政治和文化发展的崭新局面。但是我国现行户籍制度中存在不少弊端,严重妨碍社会主义优越性的发挥。如果不坚决改革现行户籍制度中的问题,过去出现的一些严重阻碍我国经济政治发展的现象今后就有可能重新出现。高素质的人力资源是一个国家引以自豪的优势,也是我国经济繁荣、社会昌盛的重要因素,更是政府提出的未来发展目标之一。但是我国现行户籍制度把优秀人力资源控制在一定范围内,阻止其自由流动,不利于生产力的发展。近几年来,全国各地都在进行户籍制度改革的尝试。但是效果都不太明显。本文通过总结历届改革出现的问题,避免出现相同的情况,为新一轮的改革提出建议。文章分为五大部分,第一部分介绍了户籍制度改革研究的背景与现状。第二部分着重分析了中国户籍制度改革历程。依据历史时间线索,以及当时户籍制度发展的情况,本文将户籍制度发展的过程分为制度萌芽期、制度巩固期与改革调整期。文章第三部分主要介绍了现行户籍制度存在的负面效应,包括：现行户籍制度阻碍城乡经济协调发展；现行户籍制度使得部分公民的政治权利得不到有效保障；造成城乡居民社会福利的不平等以及现行户籍制度增加了社会管理的难度四个方面的内容。第四部分文章归纳了以往户籍制度改革过程中出现的问题,主要包括户籍制度改革的法律规范缺失；缺乏统一标准导致地区间户籍制度改革不协调以及户籍改革的配套制度跟不上三个方面的问题。文章的最后一部分结合时代特征,提出了中国户籍制度改革的对策建议。主要包括户籍法的完善；设立城乡统一的户口登记制度；加大配套制度改革力度以及因地制宜实施改革等。随着市场经济的发展以及改革开放政策的深入执行,中国户籍制度的改革是大势所趋。我们必须抓住机遇,深化劳动人事和户籍管理制度改革,引导劳动力在城乡之间、地区之间的有序流动,促进农业剩余劳动力转移。建立统一、开放、竞争、有序的劳动力市场,改革城镇户籍制度,逐步调整大中城市户口迁移政策,保障公民正常迁移和择业权利,促进人力资源在城乡、区域间合理配置,进一步加快我国社会主义现代化建设步伐。
[Abstract]:The transformation from planned economy system to socialist market economy system has realized a new historic breakthrough in reform and opening up and opened up a new situation of economic, political and cultural development in China. However, there are many drawbacks in the current household registration system, which seriously hinder the development of socialist superiority. If the problems in the current household registration system are not resolutely reformed, some phenomena that have seriously hindered the economic and political development of our country in the past may reappear in the future. High-quality human resources is a proud advantage of a country, is also an important factor of economic prosperity and social prosperity in China, is also one of the future development goals put forward by the government. However, the current household registration system controls the excellent human resources within a certain range and prevents the free flow of human resources, which is not conducive to the development of productive forces. In recent years, all parts of the country are trying to reform the household registration system. But the effect is not obvious. In this paper, the problems of previous reforms are summarized to avoid the same situation, and suggestions for a new round of reform are put forward. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the background and present situation of the reform of household registration system. The second part focuses on the analysis of the reform of China's household registration system. According to the clue of historical time and the development of the household registration system at that time, this paper divides the development process of the household registration system into three periods: the budding period, the consolidation period and the reform and adjustment period. The third part of the article mainly introduces the negative effects of the current household registration system, including: the current household registration system hinders the coordinated development of urban and rural economy, the current household registration system makes some citizens' political rights can not be effectively guaranteed; The inequality of social welfare of urban and rural residents and the current household registration system increase the difficulty of social management in four aspects. The fourth part summarizes the problems in the reform of the household registration system in the past, including the lack of legal norms in the reform of the household registration system. The lack of uniform standards leads to the incoordination of the reform of the household registration system between regions and the problems of the supporting system of the reform of the household registration system in three aspects. In the last part of the article, the author puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions on the reform of the household registration system in China according to the characteristics of the times. It mainly includes the perfection of the household registration law, the establishment of a unified hukou registration system between urban and rural areas, the strengthening of the reform of the supporting system and the implementation of the reform in accordance with local conditions, and so on. With the development of market economy and the implementation of reform and opening policy, the reform of household registration system in China is the trend of the times. We must seize the opportunity, deepen the reform of labor personnel and household registration management system, guide the orderly flow of labor force between urban and rural areas, and promote the transfer of agricultural surplus labor force. To establish a unified, open, competitive and orderly labor market, to reform the urban household registration system, to gradually adjust the policy of hukou migration in large and medium-sized cities, to guarantee citizens' right to normal migration and to choose a job, and to promote the rational allocation of human resources between urban and rural areas and between regions. We will further accelerate the pace of China's socialist modernization drive.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D631.42

【引证文献】