经济型白领犯罪研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 08:59

本文选题：经济型白领犯罪 + 经济犯罪　；参考：《江西财经大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：“白领犯罪”的概念最早是由美国学者萨瑟兰教授提出的,主要是针对社会上层有一定地位的高智商、高学历人群所从事的在其职业活动中以非法牟利为目的的非暴力犯罪行为。在白领犯罪研究过程中,国内外学者们从不同的角度出发对白领犯罪进行了各种具体的分类。其中,我国学者根据我国具体国情以及现有法律规范调整范围将白领犯罪具体分为以下几类：1、贪污贿赂型。2、渎职型。3、经济型。4、妨害型。5、侵权型。经济型白领犯罪是我国学者根据我国白领犯罪的实际状况并结合我国现行刑法典的结构布局特点所提出的一个概念,主要的研究对象是指我国刑法典第三章破坏社会主义市场经济秩序类犯罪。具体包括：妨害对公司、企业的管理秩序类犯罪、破坏金融管理秩序类犯罪、金融诈骗类犯罪、危害税收征管类犯罪以及扰乱市场秩序类犯罪等。在国外,通常根据其法律条文的设置,经济型白领犯罪可以表现为进行贸易限制、财政金融欺诈操作、回扣等行为。因此,经济型白领犯罪存在着隐蔽性强、不易察觉、非暴力性、危害严重等特征。经济型白领犯罪不单只存在于中国,在世界其他国家亦有发生发生。尤其是在欧美等市场经济较为发达的国家中,防控经济型白领犯罪已有近百年的历史。其中,随着实践变化调整立法、建立事前防控体系、完善经济型白领犯罪人矫正体系等相关手段都在这些国家防控经济型白领犯罪的斗争中取得了明显的效果。值得我们研究借鉴。随着改革开放以来,我国社会经济的迅速发展,经济型白领犯罪在我国逐渐出现并开始蔓延。尤其是最近几年,在社会转型期间,一些经济型白领犯罪人利用自身经济、权力等方面的优势以及相关法规制度不健全的漏洞,屡屡犯下各种罪行,例如近年来出现的黄光裕案、杭萧钢构内幕交易案等,给国家和社会造成了极其严重的损失,使得国家的经济信誉受到了严重的损害。分析上述这些案例,不难发现中国的经济型白领犯罪主要体现出隐蔽性强、权钱交易泛滥、犯罪手段及工具新特性显著等几个主要特点；再加之大众防范意识普遍淡薄,防控体系不够健全等因素,使得近年来的经济型白领犯罪在我国的防控形势日益严峻。因此,解决中国的经济型白领犯罪问题,需要将国外一些学者的研究成果,如萨瑟兰教授的差异交往理论、默顿的社会异常理论以及马斯洛的需求理论等,有效的应用到我国防治经济型白领犯罪的实践中去。通过分析社会原因和个体原因,从拓展立法思路、更新刑罚手段、完善犯罪人矫正体系、建立有效的法外预防体系等方面出发,齐抓共管,这样才能从根本上有效的抑制中国经济型白领犯罪的发生。
[Abstract]:The concept of "white-collar crime" was first put forward by Professor Sutherland, an American scholar, mainly aimed at the high intelligence quotient of a certain position in the upper echelons of society. Non-violent crime committed by high-educated people in their professional activities for the purpose of illegal profit-making. In the process of white-collar crime research, scholars at home and abroad have carried out various concrete classification of white-collar crime from different angles. Among them, according to the specific conditions of our country and the scope of adjustment of existing legal norms, Chinese scholars divide white-collar crimes into the following categories: 1: 1, corruption and bribery. 2, dereliction of duty, economic. 4, nuisance. 5, tort. The economic white-collar crime is a concept put forward by Chinese scholars according to the actual situation of white-collar crime in our country and the structural layout characteristics of our country's current criminal code. The main research object is that the third chapter of the Criminal Code of China damages the order of socialist market economy. It includes: the crime of harming the management order of the company and the enterprise, the crime of destroying the order of financial management, the crime of financial fraud, the crime of harming the tax collection and administration, and the crime of disturbing the order of the market, etc. In foreign countries, usually according to its legal provisions, economic white-collar crime can be manifested in trade restrictions, financial fraud, kickbacks and other acts. Therefore, the economic white-collar crime has the characteristics of strong concealment, not easy to detect, non-violent, serious harm and so on. Economic white-collar crime not only exists in China, but also in other countries of the world. Especially in the developed countries such as Europe and America, the prevention and control of economic white-collar crime has a history of nearly 100 years. Among them, with the change of practice, adjustment of legislation, establishment of pre-control system, improvement of economic white-collar crime correction system and other relevant means in these countries to prevent and control the white-collar crime in the struggle has achieved obvious results. It is worth our study and reference. With the rapid development of China's social economy since the reform and opening up, the economic white-collar crime has gradually appeared and spread in our country. In particular, in recent years, during the period of social transformation, some economic white-collar criminals have repeatedly committed various crimes by taking advantage of their own advantages in economy, power, and other aspects, as well as loopholes in the relevant laws and regulations. For example, the case of Huang Guangyu and the case of Hangxiao Steel Insider Trading in recent years have caused extremely serious losses to the country and the society, and caused serious damage to the country's economic reputation. By analyzing these cases, it is not difficult to find that the economic white-collar crime in China mainly embodies several main characteristics, such as strong concealment, overflowing trading of power and money, remarkable new characteristics of criminal means and tools, and the general weak consciousness of public defense. The prevention and control system is not perfect, which makes the situation of economic white collar crime in our country more and more serious in recent years. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of economic white-collar crime in China, it is necessary to take the research results of some foreign scholars, such as Professor Sutherland's theory of differential communication, Merton's theory of social abnormality and Maslow's theory of demand, etc. Effective application to our country to prevent and cure the practice of economic white-collar crime. Through the analysis of social and individual reasons, from the aspects of expanding the legislative thinking, renewing the means of punishment, perfecting the criminal correction system, establishing an effective system of extra-legal prevention, and so on, Only in this way can the Chinese economy-type white-collar crime be restrained fundamentally and effectively.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D917

【参考文献】