成人犯共情对攻击行为作用机制的研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 19:43

本文选题：共情 + 愤怒　；参考：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 犯罪预防和罪犯心理矫治一直是国家、社会关注的焦点,在导致犯罪发生的因素方面,心理学家进行了较多研究,其中“低共情”的研究受到国外学者的青睐。国外大部分研究表明共情与攻击行为之间存在负相关,但在“共情影响攻击行为的内部过程”方面,相关研究不多,本文以“一般攻击性模型”和以往相关研究为基础,探讨共情对攻击行为的作用过程,并探讨这种作用过程在暴力犯和非暴力犯之间的差异性。本文以山西晋中监狱成年犯为被试,以SPSS和AMOS为研究工具对数据进行了验证性和探索性分析,研究结果表明：(1)成年犯具有较低的社会经济地位,共情对攻击行为的作用受其社会经济地位的影响；(2)共情是抑制攻击行为的重要变量,与情感性共情相比,认知性共情对攻击行为的作用更显著；(3)暴力犯与非暴力犯相比,共情、认知性共情、情感性共情水平更低,更易于被激惹,歪曲他人意图的可能性更高,攻击性也更强；(4)“一般攻击性模型”较好地解释了共情对攻击行为的作用过程,且暴力犯和非暴力犯之间不存在显著差异；(5)结构方程的探索性分析结果显示,在共情类型对不同性质攻击行为的作用过程上,暴力犯和非暴力犯之间存在差异。对非暴力犯而言,情感性共情对预谋性攻击具有直接的预测作用,认知性共情对冲动性攻击具有直接的预测作用,上述两种过程均不受愤怒情绪和敌意认知的中介影响；对暴力犯而言,情感性共情仅对预谋性攻击具有直接的负向预测作用,认知性共情对冲动性攻击的预测作用受愤怒情绪和敌意认知的中介影响。
[Abstract]:Crime prevention and psychological correction of criminals have always been the focus of attention of the country and society. Psychologists have carried out more studies on the factors leading to the occurrence of crime, among which the study of "low empathy" has been favored by foreign scholars. Most studies abroad show that there is a negative correlation between empathy and aggressive behavior. However, there are few studies on the internal process of empathy affecting aggressive behavior. This paper is based on the "General aggression Model" and previous related studies. This paper probes into the process of the effect of empathy on aggression and the difference between violent and non-violent offenders. This paper takes the adult prisoners of Shanxi Jinzhong prison as subjects, and uses SPSS and Amos as the research tools to verify and explore the data. The results show that the adult prisoners have lower social and economic status. Empathy is an important variable to restrain aggressive behavior. Compared with emotional empathy, cognitive empathy plays a more important role in attacking behavior. Cognitive empathy, affective empathy is lower, more easily provoked, more likely to distort the intention of others, and more aggressive. 4) the "General aggression Model" better explains the effect of empathy on aggressive behavior. There is no significant difference between violent and non-violent offenders. The results of exploratory analysis of structural equations show that there are differences between violent and non-violent offenders in the process of the effect of empathy types on different types of aggression. For non-violent offenders, affective empathy has direct predictive effect on premeditated aggression, cognitive empathy has direct predictive effect on impulsive aggression, and neither of the above two processes is affected by the intermediary of anger and hostile cognition. For violent offenders, affective empathy has a direct negative predictive effect on premeditated aggression, and cognitive empathy on impulsive aggression is influenced by the mediators of anger and hostile cognition.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D917

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