社会治理与社会稳定的长效互动研究：利益均衡场域

发布时间：2018-06-15 15:28

  本文选题：社会治理 + 社会稳定　； 参考：《苏州大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：逾三十年的经济超常规增长带来的利益极速生长与不平等的利益分配体制,使得源自于经济社会领域的利益分化与利益诉求日益彰显,在无法获得有效体制性回应的前提条件下,引发出日渐频繁的社会冲突,这就在现实时空中形成了对政治体制改革的“倒逼”情状。事实上,随着制度改革的收益分配形态从“全民普惠式”渐次转型为“精英主导式”,基于利益主体、利益内容和利益关系多元化的社会关系转型势必渐融到社会公众的日常生活中来,利益关系的自适与相适过程已在民众生活中初露端倪,从而愈发凸显出社会利益关系之于社会和谐稳定的决定性因应关系。长效社会稳定的构建不是要追求一个无差别无矛盾的社会,而是要在不同利益群体之间建立一个有序的关系。然而,伴随着“单位制”的社会组织形式被打破,市场运作逻辑的弥散式影响消除了人们对单位的依附,从而使得计划经济时代整个社会的“集体性”利益结构迅速解体,社会民众只能依赖其个体的能力,而无法通过组织化、结构化的群体形式来表达利益诉求。这使社会个体的利益诉求常常难以得到应有的关注和满足,经久累积的怨恨逐渐会消融社会张力,进而诱发非直接利益相关的社会冲突。然而,在当前的维稳实践中,却往往以组织化调控为主要手段,通过持续性的政治与行政施压,将民众诉求限定于一定的秩序之内,以社会公众的政治话语管控实现短期内的相对封闭、静态的“刚性稳定”,从而陷入政治统治断裂和社会管制秩序失范的巨大风险中。因此,基于利益分化事实和社会个体力量的非均衡情状,要建构维护社会稳定的长效机制,就必须在政治层面构建致力于实现利益主体平等对话的平台与机制,通过平等对话沟通,消除彼此间的对立,形成多元利益主体间的互动。正如约翰·德赖泽克所言：“对民主而言,它能够做到的第一件事应该是严肃的沟通交流,克服那些扭曲这种沟通的障碍是至关紧要的。”然而,不同社会群体间的话语权分配已经严重失衡。我们不得不承认的—个事实：涉及弱势群体利益的时候,往往要靠政府和大众媒体来为他们说话,他们自己的声音是很微弱的。说句老实话,如果政府和媒体都不为他们说话,他们自己很难具有有效地表达和追求自己利益的手段。因此,中国场域的民主变革首先应以公共协商为维度,建构主体间的基础对话平台,配合以地方选举与社区自治,从而使主体间对话拥有更扎实的制度基础与更切近现实生活的交互空间,这样才能促成社会稳定的长效实现。结构维度,是指利益均衡治理的网络结构。利益均衡治理结构不仅仅着眼于政府内部系统的整体性运作,而且强调政府系统外部不同组织间以及它们与政府系统的互动合作。在探讨利益均衡治理网络多元节点属性的基础上,着重分析了政府内网络和政府外网络,并藉此提出了利益均衡治理元网络模型。元网络是所有节点都参与、所有纽带都运转缔结而成的利益均衡治理网络,它是一种制度设计和战略愿景,基本构成要素包括利益均衡治理权力、利益均衡治理工具和利益均衡治理目标,具有资源整合、纵横联合、协同治理三重功能。信息维度,是指利益均衡治理中的信息流动。信息流动的路径一般呈现链条状：信息主体→信息渠道→信息客体。信息博弈主体包括政府、社会和公民等多元节点,信息博弈策略是多元节点传递信息的方式方法和行为选择。具体由三组信息博弈关系组成：一是政府与公民间信息博弈,二是政府与社会间信息博弈,三是社会与公民间信息博弈。信息流动过程中可能会产生各种噪音,主要以负性情绪的形式存在。利益均衡中负性情绪是以寄生的方式生存的。负性情绪的寄生性使人们信任负性情绪：内容寄生性为负性情绪提供了载体,心理寄生性给负性情绪提供了养料,路径寄生性是负性情绪传递的通道。负性情绪能在利益均衡中生存,依赖于联网能力和同化能力。行为维度,剖析了利益均衡治理的行为逻辑。它具有三个层次,政府层次的行为逻辑取决于利益均衡生命周期和利益失衡危害程度。社会层次的行为逻辑包括自发型和引导型两种类型,自发型参与演化发展的关键在于实现网络内部的合作；引导型参与演化发展的关键在于实现网络之间的协调。网络层次的行为逻辑受制于公共产品的供需结构。利益均衡的各个阶段,需要不同形态的公共产品：但是具体到某一特定阶段,某种形态的公共产品需求会占主导。由于利益均衡中公共产品形态的多样性和性质的多变性,因此利益均衡中公共产品供给必须采用多元供给模式,即由利益均衡治理网络供给。
[Abstract]:In more than thirty years, the rapid growth of economic and unequal economic growth and unequal benefit distribution system has made the interest differentiation and interest demand increasingly evident from the economic and social fields, and caused the increasingly frequent social conflicts under the condition that the effective institutional response can not be obtained. This has formed in the real time and space. In fact, as the income distribution form of the system reform is gradually transformed from "universal universal type" to "elite dominant", the transformation of social relations based on the interest subject, the diversity of interests and interests will gradually melt into the daily life of the social public. And the process of adaptation has emerged in the life of the people, and thus more and more the decisive cause of social harmony and stability. The construction of long-term social stability is not to pursue an undifferentiated and incompatible society, but to establish an orderly relationship between different groups of interests. The social organization form of the position system is broken. The dispersion influence of the market operation logic eliminates the dependence of the people on the unit, thus making the collective interest structure of the whole society disintegrated rapidly in the time of the planned economy, and the social people can only rely on their individual ability, but can not express the benefits through the organization and the structured group form. This makes the demands of the individual's interests often difficult to get due attention and satisfaction. The long accumulated resentment will gradually melt the social tension and induce the non direct interest related social conflicts. However, in the current stability practice, the organizational regulation is often used as the main means and through the continuous political and administrative application. The public demand is limited to a certain order, and the public's political discourse is controlled to realize the relative closure in the short term, and the static "rigid stability" will fall into the huge risk of the break of political rule and the anomie of the social regulation order. Therefore, the unbalanced situation based on the disintegration of interests and the individual power of the society should be built. For the long-term mechanism of maintaining social stability, it is necessary to construct a platform and mechanism devoted to the realization of an equal dialogue between the stakeholders at the political level, to communicate through an equal dialogue, to eliminate the opposition between each other, and to form a multi stakeholder interaction. As John Dryzek said, "for democracy, the first thing it can do is to do it." It is a serious communication to overcome the obstacles that distort such communication. "However, the distribution of discourse rights between different social groups has been seriously unbalanced. We have to admit the fact that when the interests of the vulnerable groups are involved, the government and the mass media are often used to speak for them, their own voice. If the government and the media do not speak for them, it is difficult for them to express and pursue their own interests effectively. Therefore, the democratic change in the Chinese field should first take public consultation as the dimension, construct the basic dialogue platform among the subjects, cooperate with local elections and community autonomy, so that The intersubjective dialogue has a more solid institutional basis and a more interactive space which is closer to the real life. In this way, the long-term realization of social stability can be achieved. The structure dimension refers to the network structure of the balance of interest governance. The benefit equilibrium governance structure not only focuses on the whole operation of the internal system of the government, but also emphasizes the external differences of the government system. Inter organization and their interaction with the government system. On the basis of exploring the attributes of multiple nodes in the interest equilibrium governance network, the internal network of the government and the external network of the government are emphatically analyzed, and an equilibrium governance meta network model is proposed. The governance network is a kind of system design and strategic vision. The basic elements include the balance of interest governance power, the benefit equilibrium governance tool and the interest equilibrium governance target, with the resources integration, the vertical and horizontal joint, and the synergistic governance three functions. The information dimension is the information flow in the balance of interest management. The path of information flow is generally presented. The present chain bar: information subject, information channel and information object. The main body of information game consists of multiple nodes such as government, society and citizen. Information game strategy is the way and behavior choice of multiple nodes to transmit information. It is composed of three groups of information game relations: one is the information game between the government and the citizen, and the two is between the government and the society. Information game, three is the information game between society and citizen. In the process of information flow, there may be a variety of noise, mainly in the form of negative emotion. Negative emotion in the balance of interest is living in the way of parasitism. The parasitism of negative emotion makes people trust negative emotions: the inner tolerance is the carrier of negative emotion. The parasitism provides a nourishment to negative emotions. The path parasitism is the channel of negative emotional transmission. Negative emotions can survive in the balance of interests and depend on the ability of networking and assimilation. The behavioral logic of the balance of interest is analyzed. It has three levels, and the behavioral logic of the government level depends on the balance of interest life. The behavioral logic of the social level includes two types of self hairstyle and guide type. The key to the evolution of self style participation is to realize the cooperation within the network; the key to the evolutionary development of the guiding type lies in the realization of the coordination between the networks. The behavioral logic of the network layer is subject to the supply of public products. Different forms of public products are needed in each stage of the balance of interests. But at a specific stage, the demand for a certain form of public products will dominate. Because of the diversity and nature of the diversity and nature of the public product form in the balance of interests, the supply of public products must adopt multiple supply modes in the balance of interests. It is provided by the balance of interests to govern the network.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D631.4;D630
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本文编号：2022528