我国增设社区服务刑的构想及论证

发布时间：2018-06-16 06:32

本文选题：社区服务 + 社区矫正　；参考：《西南财经大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着人类文明的发展,世界各国都在不断的进行刑罚制度的创新,社区服务刑即是全球刑罚制度改革的产物。作为一种最有效、最人道、最文明的行刑方式,社区服务刑目前已被广泛认可和采用,许多国家适用社区服务刑的人数大大超过监禁人数,并取得了良好的社会效益。作为我国司法制度改革的一项重要内容,我国的社区矫正工作于2003年正式被引入,目前正处在试点阶段。与国外的情况相比,在适用的对象、矫正的方法、效果以及立法等方面都还有待深入研究。当前,在以人为本、构建和谐社会的大背景下,发展我国的社区矫正制度正为中国有识之士热议和关注,中国政府的司法部门亦正热心推动该项改革试点在若干省市的推广。本文主要是对社区服务刑进行研究,根据各国实施社区服务刑的情况和相关理论,结合我国社区矫正试点中存在的问题,提出了在我国刑法中增设社区服务刑的构想。第一部分是提出社区服务的概念以及具有的惩罚性、教育性、无偿性和社区性等4个特征。第二部分是社区服务刑的价值进行了考察,阐述了社区服务刑具有其他普通刑罚所不具有的价值,论证了我国需要增设社区服务刑。第三部分比较了国外社区服务刑的适用现状,主要对英国、美国、法国、俄罗斯等四个主要国家的社区服务模式进行了分析,从中我们可以发现：尽管各国的社区服务表现形式不尽相同,但司法实践效果十分显著,无疑是值得我国借鉴的。第四部分分析了在我国增设社区服务刑可能面临的执行、社会认同、权力分配和管理四个方面的问题。第五部分分析了我国社区服务改革的现状及改革社会背景,对我国社区矫正的改革现状进行了介绍；并针对我国的具体情况提出在我国增设社区服务刑的具体建议。社区服务作为刑罚,应当考虑作为附加刑,可以单独适用,也可以附加适用；还可以将社区服务作为社区刑罚的内容之一；社区服务的时间,结合中国的国情,可以考虑在60小时以上360小时以下；社区服务的执行应当结合社区矫正,由社区矫正机关负责执行；罪犯如果不遵守社区服务的命令,可以设定罚则,直至易科拘役刑、撤销缓刑、假释、监外执行等。
[Abstract]:With the development of human civilization, every country in the world is innovating the penalty system. Community service penalty is the result of the reform of the global penalty system. As one of the most effective, most humane and civilized execution methods, community service punishment has been widely accepted and adopted. In many countries, the number of people who apply community service penalty is much more than that of imprisonment, and has achieved good social benefits. As an important part of the reform of our judicial system, the community correction work in our country was formally introduced in 2003, and is now in the pilot stage. Compared with the foreign situation, the applicable object, the method of correction, the effect and the legislation still need to be studied deeply. At present, under the background of people-oriented and harmonious society, the development of our country's community correction system is being discussed and paid more attention to by the people of insight in China, and the judicial department of the Chinese government is also eager to promote the pilot reform in several provinces and cities. This paper mainly studies the community service penalty, according to the situation and relevant theories of community service punishment in various countries, combined with the existing problems in our country community correction pilot, put forward the concept of adding community service penalty in our criminal law. The first part puts forward the concept of community service and its four characteristics: punitive, educational, pro bono and community. The second part investigates the value of community service penalty, expounds the value of community service penalty which other ordinary penalties do not have, and proves that our country needs to add community service penalty. The third part compares the current situation of the application of community service penalty in foreign countries, mainly analyzes the four main countries' community service mode, such as the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Russia and so on. It can be found that although the forms of community service in different countries are different, the judicial practice is very remarkable, which is undoubtedly worthy of our country's reference. The fourth part analyzes the implementation, social identity, power distribution and management of community service punishment in China. The fifth part analyzes the status quo and social background of community service reform in our country, introduces the current situation of community correction reform in China, and puts forward some specific suggestions for the establishment of community service penalty in China. As a penalty, community service should be considered as an additional penalty, which can be applied separately or in addition; community service can also be taken as one of the contents of community punishment; and the time of community service should be taken into account in the light of China's national conditions. Consideration may be given to not less than 60 hours and less than 360 hours; the execution of community service shall be carried out in conjunction with community correction, and the community correction organ shall be responsible for the execution; if the offender fails to comply with the order of community service, he may set a penalty, until the penalty of criminal detention is changed. Rescind probation, parole, execution outside prison, etc.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D926.8

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