现行户籍制度及“附加值”的研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 17:26

本文选题：户籍制度 + 附加值　；参考：《华东师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：自从出生,我们的生活就和户籍制度息息相关,从衣食住行到生儿育女,从求学到谋职,或多或少的都受到户口因素的影响。在现实生活中,户籍制度的社会效应集中反映在户口问题上,然而其实际影响却渗透到政治、经济、人口等诸多方面,大量绑缚的“附加值”内容,时刻影响着人民群众的生活。因此,我们在理解和认识这一制度的意义基础上,通过对户籍制度的结构及其变迁的考察,对理解和认识新中国的社会机构及其变迁的历史进程有着重要的意义。户籍制度及其绑缚的“附加值”,是上世纪中叶以来,在当初经济极不发达,人民生活水品极低,人口流动性极大的情况下,按照计划经济体制的要求制定了严格的户籍管理制度。它使国家在确立工业化战略目标后,能集中精力进行资金积累,发展重工业,渡过了“三年自然灾害”和“文化大革命”的困难时期。但在改革开放后,随着工业化和城市化的不断推进,二元制的户籍制度与现行市场经济体制不适应的弊端已经越来越显著。本文认为户籍制度及其“附加值”是特定历史条件下的产物,户籍制度改革是大势所趋。改革的方向必然是从国情出发,适应社会主义市场经济体制。但是大量依附在户籍制度上的附加利益,会对改革形成阻碍,因此,过程必然是渐进的,目的是最终实现一元制的单一户籍制度。一方面要从立法上予以完善,另一方面要逐步剥离“附加值”。同时我们认识到,剥离过程将是漫长的,但必将随着经济建设的快速前进而逐步实现。户籍制度的改革在总体上是渐进式的,不可能如开闸一般,让城镇淹没在农村人口的汪洋大海中,在旧制度向新制度的转变过程中,首先要淡化偏向城市的倾向,逐步剥离户籍制度上捆绑的各项附加值,缓和改革过程中的利益冲突和矛盾,在逐步取消城市和城市居民补贴,实现不同区域均衡发展的前提下,逐步过渡到城乡元的户籍管理制度,实现城乡一体化发展。论文内容主要包括四个部分：第一部分,主要说明了研究意义,界定了相关概念,梳理了相关研究成果,介绍了本文所采用的研究方法和框架。第二部分,主要介绍了中国古代户籍制度的渊源和特点,中国现行户籍制度确立的背景、影响因素和发展历程。并分析了现行户籍难以适应现在经济环境的现状。第三部分,基于公共管理理论、社会控制理论、社会制度变迁理论,阐述了笔者对户籍制度改革的目标、原则及难点的分析,指明了户籍制度改革的方向。第四部分,从加强法制建设、按照市场经济规律办事、转换户籍制度功能,推进居民身份证制度、逐步剥离附加值等五方面提出了逐步实现户籍制度改革的设想。
[Abstract]:Since birth, our life and household registration system are closely linked, from food, clothing, housing and transportation to having children, from school to job, more or less by the household registration factors. In real life, the social effect of the household registration system is mainly reflected in the household registration problem, but its actual influence permeates many aspects such as politics, economy, population and so on, and a large number of tied "added value" contents. All the time affects the life of the people. Therefore, on the basis of understanding and understanding the significance of this system, it is of great significance to understand and understand the historical process of social institutions and changes in New China through the investigation of the structure and changes of the household registration system. Since the middle of the last century, the household registration system and its tied "added value" have been under the circumstances of the extremely underdeveloped economy, the extremely low living water of the people, and the great mobility of the population. In accordance with the requirements of the planned economic system, a strict household registration management system. It enables the country to concentrate on the accumulation of funds and develop heavy industry after the establishment of the strategic goal of industrialization, and to pass through the difficult period of "three years of natural disasters" and "cultural revolution". But after the reform and opening up, with the development of industrialization and urbanization, the malpractice of the dual household registration system and the current market economy system has become more and more obvious. This paper holds that the household registration system and its "added value" are the product of specific historical conditions, and the reform of the household registration system is the trend of the times. The direction of reform is to set out from the national conditions and adapt to the socialist market economy system. However, a large number of additional benefits attached to the household registration system will hinder the reform. Therefore, the process must be gradual, with the aim of realizing the single household registration system in the end. On the one hand, the legislation should be improved, on the other hand, the "added value" should be gradually stripped. At the same time, we realize that the process of divestiture will be long, but will be gradually realized along with the rapid progress of economic construction. On the whole, the reform of the household registration system is gradual, and it is impossible to let cities and towns drown in the vast sea of the rural population like opening gates. In the course of the transition from the old system to the new system, the tendency of favouring the city must first be downplayed. Gradually peel off the additional value bundled on the household registration system, ease the conflicts of interest and contradictions in the process of reform, gradually eliminate subsidies for cities and urban residents, and realize balanced development in different regions. Gradually transition to urban and rural yuan household registration management system to achieve urban and rural integration development. The paper mainly includes four parts: the first part mainly explains the significance of the research, defines the relevant concepts, combs the related research results, and introduces the research methods and framework adopted in this paper. The second part mainly introduces the origin and characteristics of the ancient household registration system in China, the background of the establishment of the current household registration system in China, the influencing factors and the development process. And analyzed the current household registration difficult to adapt to the current economic environment. The third part, based on the theory of public management, the theory of social control and the theory of social system change, expounds the author's analysis of the objectives, principles and difficulties of the reform of the household registration system, and points out the direction of the reform of the household registration system. In the fourth part, the author puts forward the idea of gradually realizing the reform of the household registration system from five aspects, such as strengthening the legal system construction, handling affairs according to the laws of market economy, changing the functions of the household registration system, promoting the resident identity card system, and gradually stripping off the added value.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D631.42

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