浙江公安系统权力下放过程中存在的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 13:29

【摘要】：党的十八大和十八届二中、三中、四中全会对全面深化改革、加快转变政府职能作出了部署,提出了要求。两年多,国务院将简政放权作为全面深化改革的“先手棋”以及转变政府职能的“当头炮”,采取了一系列重大的改革措施,有效释放了市场活力,激发了社会创造力,扩大了就业,促进了对外开放,推动了政府管理创新进程,取得了积极的成效。权力下放作为全面深化改革工作中的重要一环,被各地政府列入了政府工作报告中的重点工作之一,权力下放既是建设服务型政府的需要也是深化行政审批制度改革的需要。同时,相关的配套工作、管理规定、部门调整都应运而生。在这场自上而下的变革之中,浙江省公安厅也紧跟中央和省政府的脚步,对全省公安系统的权力下放工作做了全面的规划和部署。本文主要是以浙江省公安厅为例,浙江省公安厅的权力下放工作是在国务院、省政府对公安系统权力事项的调整中进行的,是全国公安系统权力事项调整工作的一个重要的组成部分。通过实地调研和座谈会介绍近期浙江省公安厅权力下放的具体内容和做法,主要发现了权力事项不断变化、不同地市存在差异、下放不到位、群众知晓率低、执行难等问题。针对这一系列的问题,我也从制度、监管、行政体制、思想认识等角度进行了分析,认为是由权力的公开程度低、缺乏强有力的监管和必要的引导、承接部门的工作交流做的不到位、为放权而放权的一种消极的应对态度以及对某些部门利益的保护才导致了这些问题,进而提出了建立健全权力清单体系、加强监管和引导、管制影响评估、树立典型等方法解决这些问题。权力清单是权力下放工作中一个必不可少的组成部分。权力清单把各级政府和各个政府部门所掌握的各项公共权力进行全面统计,并且将权力以列表清单的形式公之于众,主动接受社会监督,权力清单的核心在于简政放权。权力清单对于遏制权力的扩张、提高政府办事效率等方面均有特别的作用；加强监管和引导主要指需要建立起事中事后监管的管理制度以及完善事先的预防机制,使得权力真正下放到实处；管制影响评估是权力下放的技术前提,完整的管制影响评估包括五项内容：权力下放的目的、成本效益分析、风险评估、可考虑的替代性方案评估、对受影响的部门和组织的评估。总的来说,浙江省公安厅权力下放中存在的既有顶层设计方面的问题,也有地区差异导致的问题；既有执行过程中的问题,也有监督不到位的问题；既有技术手段方面的问题,也有思想认识方面的问题。权力下放工作是一项极有意义且极为艰巨的工作。做好了惠民、利民,推进社会经济发展；做不好,不仅浪费资源,更严重地则会丧失政府的公信力。所以,我们需要更加重视权力下放工作,通过各级各部门通力合作,将权利下放落到实处。
[Abstract]:The 18th CPC National Congress and the second, third, fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee have made arrangements for comprehensively deepening reform and speeding up the transformation of government functions. For more than two years, the State Council has adopted a series of major reform measures to effectively unleash market vitality and stimulate social creativity by taking simplified administration and devolving power as the "first hand" in comprehensively deepening reform and in transforming the functions of the government. Expanded the employment, promoted the opening to the outside world, promoted the government management innovation process, obtained the positive result. Decentralization, as an important part of deepening the reform in an all-round way, has been listed as one of the key tasks in the government work report by local governments. Decentralization is not only the need of building a service-oriented government, but also the need of deepening the reform of the administrative examination and approval system. At the same time, relevant supporting work, management regulations, department adjustment have emerged. In this top-down reform, the Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Bureau also closely followed the steps of the central government and the provincial government, and made a comprehensive plan and arrangement for the decentralization of power in the provincial public security system. This paper mainly takes the Zhejiang Public Security Bureau as an example. The decentralization of power of the Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Bureau is carried out during the adjustment of the power matters of the public security system by the State Council and the provincial government. It is an important part of the adjustment of power matters in the national public security system. Through on-the-spot investigation and discussion, this paper introduces the concrete contents and practices of the recent decentralization of power by the Public Security Bureau of Zhejiang Province, and mainly finds that power matters are constantly changing, that there are differences in different cities, that the decentralization is not in place, that the masses are aware of the low rate of awareness, and that the implementation is difficult to carry out. In view of this series of problems, I have also analyzed from the angle of system, supervision, administrative system, ideological understanding and so on. I think it is due to the low degree of openness of power, the lack of strong supervision and necessary guidance. It is not in place to undertake the work exchanges of the departments, a negative response to decentralization for the sake of decentralization and the protection of the interests of some departments have led to these problems. Further, the establishment and improvement of the power list system and the strengthening of supervision and guidance have been put forward. Control impact assessment, set up typical methods to solve these problems. The list of powers is an essential part of decentralization. The list of powers makes a comprehensive statistic of all kinds of public power held by all levels of government and each government department, and makes the power public in the form of list, and accepts social supervision actively. The core of power list is to simplify administration and devolve power. The list of powers plays a special role in containing the expansion of power and improving the efficiency of government work. Strengthening supervision and guidance mainly refers to the need to establish a management system of supervision after the incident and to improve the preventive mechanism in advance. To truly decentralize authority; regulatory impact assessment is a technical prerequisite for decentralization, and a complete regulatory impact assessment consists of five elements: the purpose of decentralization, cost-benefit analysis, risk assessment, alternative options that can be considered, Assessment of affected departments and organizations. In general, there are both top-level design problems and problems caused by regional differences in the decentralization of power by the Public Security Bureau of Zhejiang Province; there are problems in both the implementation process and the lack of supervision; and there are problems in terms of technical means. There are also problems in thinking and understanding. Decentralization is a very meaningful and arduous task. If we do it well, we will not only waste resources, but also lose the credibility of the government. Therefore, we need to pay more attention to decentralization and implement it through the cooperation of all levels and departments.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D631

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