邪教犯罪问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-11 16:25

【摘要】：邪教是世界性难题。本文从中外对邪教的认识入手,对我国邪教组织的法律概念、邪教组织犯罪的犯罪构成、法律特征进行研究,阐述了邪教犯罪的危害。分析了我国邪教产生的深刻历史、文化和社会背景,阐述了我国邪教形成和发展的原因。长期封建社会形成的迷信思想、改革开放后社会变革产生的影响、有关部门管理和法律规范的缺失等,是造成邪教滋生蔓延的主要原因。这些决定了我国邪教将长期存在,也决定了邪教活动是长期的、反复的、复杂的。近年来,随着形势的变化,邪教犯罪活动出现了新特点,邪教活动从公开转入地下,更具隐蔽性,犯罪方式呈现多样化,犯罪方式向高科技、智能化发展,利用互联网开展邪教犯罪活动越来越普遍。邪教犯罪活动呈现出：政治目标进一步明确,与政治势力相勾结、成为反华工具,成员年轻化、知识化,向农村领域不断渗透等发展趋势。治理邪教犯罪是摆在我政府面前的紧迫课题,打击邪教犯罪工作实践中存在着：适用法律存在不足；邪教的法律体系不系统不完整；邪教组织认定主体和程序亟需立法完善等诸多问题。另外,在防范邪教犯罪实践中,存在邪教犯罪反侦查意识强,审讯难、取证难、打击处理难；反邪教法律宣传缺失,公众反邪教法律意识淡薄等问题。针对邪教犯罪的新特点,在邪教犯罪日益国际化的背景下,必须加强反邪教专门立法,完善经济文化领域的邪教立法,建立完善的反邪教法律体系,依法开展反邪教法律宣传,提高公民的法律意识。必须严打邪教犯罪,并从公安机关侦查实践出发,提出打击邪教犯罪的对策。强化情报信息搜集,掌握邪教犯罪动向；加强专案侦查,打击邪教犯罪；各警种协作配合,强化基础防范;注重审讯技巧,扩大战果等；对邪教的国际化趋势,要加强国际打击邪教犯罪的交流合作。最后,笔者结合打击邪教犯罪的司法实践,提出打击邪教犯罪活动必须坚持的重要原则,打击与防范并重；打击与教育转化并重,打击处理与保障人权相结合；打击与低调处理相结合：打击极少数骨干与争取大多数相结合,法律治理与其他治理手段相结合等。打击邪教犯罪,必须着眼于长期斗争,从邪教产生的政治、经济、社会原因等方面入手,动员全社会的力量,运用法律制裁、行政手段、法制宣传、思想教育、科技普及、保障民生等手段,开展综合治理,从根本上解决邪教问题,保障社会长治久安。
[Abstract]:Cults are a worldwide problem. Starting with the understanding of cults at home and abroad, this paper studies the legal concept of cults in our country, the criminal constitution and legal characteristics of crimes committed by cults, and expounds the harm of the crime of cults. This paper analyzes the profound historical, cultural and social background of the emergence of cults in China, and expounds the reasons for the formation and development of cults in China. The superstition formed in the feudal society for a long time, the influence of the social reform after the reform and opening up, the lack of the management of the relevant departments and the lack of legal norms are the main reasons for the breeding and spreading of cults. This determines the long-term existence of cults in our country, and also determines that cult activities are long-term, repetitive, and complex. In recent years, with the change of the situation, new features have emerged in the criminal activities of cults. Cult activities have gone from open to underground, with more concealment, diversification of criminal methods, and the development of criminal methods towards high technology and intelligence. The use of the Internet to carry out cult criminal activities is becoming more and more common. The criminal activities of evil cults have shown a trend of further clarification of political objectives, collusion with political forces, becoming anti-China tools, younger members, more educated members, and constant infiltration into the rural areas. Controlling evil cult crime is an urgent subject in front of our government. In the practice of cracking down on cult crime, there are some shortcomings in the application of law, and the legal system of cult is not systematic and incomplete. The cult organization recognizes the main body and the procedure urgently needs the legislation consummation and so on many questions and so on. In addition, in the practice of preventing crimes against evil cults, there are problems such as strong awareness of anti-investigation of cult crimes, difficulty in interrogation, difficulty in obtaining evidence, and difficulty in dealing with blows, lack of legal propaganda against cults, and weak public awareness of anti-cult laws, and so on. In view of the new characteristics of cult crimes, under the background of the increasing internationalization of cult crimes, it is necessary to strengthen special anti-cult legislation, perfect cult legislation in the economic and cultural fields, establish a sound anti-cult legal system, and carry out anti-cult legal propaganda in accordance with the law. To raise the legal awareness of citizens. It is necessary to crack down on the crime of cults and put forward countermeasures to crack down on the crime of cults from the investigation practice of public security organs. Strengthening the collection of intelligence information, mastering the criminal trend of evil cults, strengthening ad hoc investigations, cracking down on cult crimes, cooperating with various police services, strengthening basic prevention, paying attention to interrogation techniques and expanding war results, and so on; and regarding the trend of the internationalization of cults. It is necessary to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in cracking down on cult crimes. Finally, combining with the judicial practice of cracking down on the crime of cults, the author puts forward the important principle that must be adhered to in cracking down on the criminal activities of cults, paying equal attention to both attacking and preventing, and combining the crackdown with the transformation of education, and the combination of combating, dealing with and safeguarding human rights. The combination of strike and low-key treatment: striking a very small number of backbone and winning for the majority, legal governance and other means of governance combined. In cracking down on cult crimes, we must focus on the long-term struggle, start with the political, economic, and social causes of the cults, mobilize the strength of the whole society, and use legal sanctions, administrative means, legal propaganda, ideological education, and the popularization of science and technology. Safeguard people's livelihood and other means, carry out comprehensive management, fundamentally solve cult problems, and ensure the long-term stability of society.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D917.6

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