广州市“积分入户”政策研究
发布时间：2019-03-06 11:40
【摘要】：农业转移人口由于体制障碍无法享受到城市的市民待遇,是中国城市化进程中出现的由二元经济结构所带来的问题。新型城镇化本质是人的城镇化,其基本任务是促进农业转移人口市民化,最紧迫的任务是农民工市民化。作为户籍制度改革的创新实践,广州市的“积分入户”政策引人关注。本论文试图在梳理广州市“积分入户”政策的演进过程基础上,从来穗农民工的角度分析广州市“积分入户”政策的实施效果,并提出相应的改进建议。广州市在2010年启动“积分入户”政策,2014年对“积分入户”的条件和计分标准进行了调整。“积分入户”的实施,解决了部分外来务工者的户籍问题。截至2015年底大约1.7万外来务工者通过该政策获得广州市户籍。问卷调查数据显示,受访者入户意愿较强烈,但对“积分入户”认知度不高,普遍认为通过积分制入户的方式合理但具体入户指标设置应该有所改进。最希望通过“积分入户”获得的市民待遇依次为义务教育阶段子女入读公办学校、医疗待遇、养老保障、申请廉租房资格和最低生活保障、购买商品房资格、失业保障。广州市“积分入户”政策存在需要改进的问题。一是入户指标数量偏低,相对于数百万计的外来务工人员,广州市每年4500个入户指标明显满足不了需要。二是计分标准有待进一步改进。农民工低学历、少技能、低收入的群体特征导致积分偏低,考虑来穗工作年限和实际对城市发展的贡献不够。三是积分入户申报程序繁杂,相关工作效率有待提高。四是政府在民生领域的财政投入和公共服务不足,社会管理效率低下。五是“积分入户”政策宣传力度不够,外来务工人员申请入户积极性不高。论文提出改进“积分入户”政策的建议。一是要关注农民工群体的特征,应充分考虑外来务工人员对城市发展的贡献,通过来穗工作年限等指标,优化调整加分项权重。二是适度放宽入户名额限制,提高与入户管理配套的城市财政、管理部门、公共服务能力。三是处理好农业转移人口融入城市的问题,平衡好减低入户门槛与城市产业升级的矛盾。四是简化“积分入户”申请流程,缩减申请者的时间成本和经济成本。五是提高政策的宣传力度,使其更好地为民所用。
[Abstract]:It is a problem brought by dualistic economic structure in the process of urbanization that agricultural transfer population is unable to enjoy the treatment of urban citizens because of institutional barriers. The essence of the new urbanization is the urbanization of human beings, and its basic task is to promote the urbanization of the population transferred by agriculture, and the most urgent task is the urbanization of migrant workers. As an innovative practice of the reform of household registration system, Guangzhou's "integral entry" policy attracts people's attention. On the basis of combing the evolution process of the "integral entry" policy in Guangzhou, this paper tries to analyze the implementation effect of the "integral entry" policy in Guangzhou from the perspective of migrant workers, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement. In 2010, Guangzhou started the "points-in-the-household" policy. In 2014, the conditions and scoring standards of "points-in-the-household" were adjusted. The implementation of "integral entry" solves the problem of household registration of some migrant workers. By the end of 2015, about 17000 migrant workers were registered in Guangzhou through the policy. The questionnaire data show that the interviewees' desire to enter the household is strong, but the recognition degree of "integral entering the household" is not high. It is generally believed that the way of entering the household through the system of points should be reasonable but the setting of the specific entry index should be improved. The citizens who most hope to get through the "points into the household" are compulsory education stage children enrolled in public schools, medical treatment, old-age security, application for low-rent housing qualifications and minimum living security, commercial housing qualifications, unemployment protection. There are some problems to be improved in the policy of "integration into the household" in Guangzhou. First, the number of household entry index is relatively low, compared with millions of migrant workers, Guangzhou city is obviously unable to meet the needs of 4500 household indicators per year. Second, the scoring standards need to be further improved. The group characteristics of low education, low skills and low income of migrant workers lead to low scores, and the years of working in Guangzhou and the actual contribution to urban development are not enough. Third, points to the household application procedures are complicated, related work efficiency needs to be improved. Fourth, the government's financial input and public service in the field of people's livelihood is insufficient, and the efficiency of social management is low. Fifth, the "points into the household" policy propaganda efforts are not enough, migrant workers apply for home enthusiasm is not high. The paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the "integral-in-the-household" policy. First, we should pay attention to the characteristics of migrant workers, fully consider the contribution of migrant workers to the development of the city, and optimize and adjust the add-on weight through the indicators such as the working years of the migrant workers in Guangzhou. Second, moderate relaxation of quota restrictions, and improve the capacity of urban finance, management departments and public services. The third is to deal with the problem of the integration of agricultural transfer population into the city, and to balance and reduce the contradiction between the threshold of entry and the upgrading of urban industry. Fourth, simplify the application process, reduce the time cost and economic cost of the applicant. Fifth, to enhance the publicity of the policy, so that it is better used by the people.
【学位授予单位】：华南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D631.42
本文编号：2435491
[Abstract]:It is a problem brought by dualistic economic structure in the process of urbanization that agricultural transfer population is unable to enjoy the treatment of urban citizens because of institutional barriers. The essence of the new urbanization is the urbanization of human beings, and its basic task is to promote the urbanization of the population transferred by agriculture, and the most urgent task is the urbanization of migrant workers. As an innovative practice of the reform of household registration system, Guangzhou's "integral entry" policy attracts people's attention. On the basis of combing the evolution process of the "integral entry" policy in Guangzhou, this paper tries to analyze the implementation effect of the "integral entry" policy in Guangzhou from the perspective of migrant workers, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement. In 2010, Guangzhou started the "points-in-the-household" policy. In 2014, the conditions and scoring standards of "points-in-the-household" were adjusted. The implementation of "integral entry" solves the problem of household registration of some migrant workers. By the end of 2015, about 17000 migrant workers were registered in Guangzhou through the policy. The questionnaire data show that the interviewees' desire to enter the household is strong, but the recognition degree of "integral entering the household" is not high. It is generally believed that the way of entering the household through the system of points should be reasonable but the setting of the specific entry index should be improved. The citizens who most hope to get through the "points into the household" are compulsory education stage children enrolled in public schools, medical treatment, old-age security, application for low-rent housing qualifications and minimum living security, commercial housing qualifications, unemployment protection. There are some problems to be improved in the policy of "integration into the household" in Guangzhou. First, the number of household entry index is relatively low, compared with millions of migrant workers, Guangzhou city is obviously unable to meet the needs of 4500 household indicators per year. Second, the scoring standards need to be further improved. The group characteristics of low education, low skills and low income of migrant workers lead to low scores, and the years of working in Guangzhou and the actual contribution to urban development are not enough. Third, points to the household application procedures are complicated, related work efficiency needs to be improved. Fourth, the government's financial input and public service in the field of people's livelihood is insufficient, and the efficiency of social management is low. Fifth, the "points into the household" policy propaganda efforts are not enough, migrant workers apply for home enthusiasm is not high. The paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the "integral-in-the-household" policy. First, we should pay attention to the characteristics of migrant workers, fully consider the contribution of migrant workers to the development of the city, and optimize and adjust the add-on weight through the indicators such as the working years of the migrant workers in Guangzhou. Second, moderate relaxation of quota restrictions, and improve the capacity of urban finance, management departments and public services. The third is to deal with the problem of the integration of agricultural transfer population into the city, and to balance and reduce the contradiction between the threshold of entry and the upgrading of urban industry. Fourth, simplify the application process, reduce the time cost and economic cost of the applicant. Fifth, to enhance the publicity of the policy, so that it is better used by the people.
【学位授予单位】：华南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D631.42
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 刘婷;李若衡;;从二元结构的农民工到完整的市民个体——略论农民工积分入户制度的意义与作用[J];特区经济;2014年10期
2 张继良;蒋德峰;;近期农民工市民化研究进展及述评[J];无锡商业职业技术学院学报;2014年05期
3 江立华;谷玉良;;城市流动人口积分入户政策——户籍制度改革的“中山经验”[J];社会建设;2014年01期
4 傅晨;李飞武;;农业转移人口市民化背景下户籍制度创新探索——广东“农民工积分入户”研究[J];广东社会科学;2014年03期
5 辜胜阻;刘江日;曹誉波;;民间资本推进城镇化建设的问题与对策[J];当代财经;2014年02期
6 吴殿廷;赵林;高文姬;;新型城镇化的本质特征及其评价[J];北华大学学报(社会科学版);2013年06期
7 唐晓阳;邓卫文;;广东实施农民工积分制入户政策的效果评价及完善对策研究[J];广东行政学院学报;2013年06期
8 张占斌;;新型城镇化的战略意义和改革难题[J];国家行政学院学报;2013年01期
9 郑梓桢;宋健;;户籍改革新政与务实的城市化新路——以中山市流动人口积分制管理为例[J];人口研究;2012年01期
10 黄祖辉;;户籍改革谨防流于表面[J];农村经营管理;2011年06期
，本文编号：2435491
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/fanzuizhian/2435491.html
