思想政治教育在我国“后劳教时代”的应用探究

发布时间：2019-05-31 17:00

【摘要】：2013年年末我国全国人大常委会宣布劳教制度被彻底废除,自此劳教制度从我国制度体系中退出,我国进入了“后劳教时代”。原属于被劳教的对象的去留以及处置手段受到了充分的关注,当今社会对这一批人还没有准确的定位。由于这一批人触犯了法律但是没有达到犯罪的程度,因此笔者在文章中将其称为违法行为人。在“后劳教时代”笔者将违法行为人的主体分为几下几类:第一类是有伤风化、道德败坏的人,包括吸毒、卖淫以及嫖娼的人,这类人本身并没有触犯刑法,因此可以适用《行政处罚法》、《治安处罚法》等对其进行管理;第二类是大错不犯、小错不断的人,这类人恰当好处的钻了违法与犯罪之间的空子,游走在违法犯罪的边缘;第三类是轻微犯罪人员,这一类人的行为实际上是犯罪行为,但是由于受到我国刑法关于犯罪量的限制而不受刑法的约束,这是我国法律的灰色空间;第四类是“问题少年”,对这类人我国政府的态度不是惩罚而是教育。在“后劳教时代”下违法行为人呈现出了一些新的普遍性心理特征:侥幸心理,抵制心理以及渴望被接纳心理。因此,如何对违法行为人进行新时期的思想政治教育,预防其违法犯罪行为的再次发生成为了“后劳教时代”亟须解决的重大问题。思想政治教育作为我党革命和建设的优良作风正是以解决人的思想、立场、观点问题为核心的一种社会实践活动,它不仅在管理人民群众日常生活发挥了有效作用,而且在我国劳教制度时期对违法行为人的改造已经发挥了积极作用。随着社会环境的不断发展变化,以往的矫正经验、教育方法和内容已无法满足当前工作的实际需要。因此,笔者在以往相关研究的基础上对“后劳教时代”违法行为人的思想政治教育的优化提出了几点浅薄的见解,以期望能为丰富相关理论贡献一丝力量。本论文共有四个部分:第一部分是绪论。绪论由研究目的、研究意义、文献综述、研究方法以及创新点五个部分组成。笔者在选题的基础上通过图书馆、网络以及其他手段查阅大量文献资料,对先前学者的学术观点进行选择性的吸收和延伸形成文章的脉络内容。第二部分主要阐述思想政治教育应用于“后劳教时代”的理论依据。这一部分内容以劳教制度到“后劳教时代”的转变为背景,在分析劳教制度的特征、价值定位以及被废除的原因的基础上挖掘出思想政治教育的理论依据是马克思主义人学思想。文章从马克思主义人性出发指出了,现实的人是思想政治教育的逻辑起点,人的主体性是思想政治教育的主题,人的价值是思想政治教育的价值导向,进而充分论证了劳教时代虽然结束了但并不意味着思想政治教育也结束了。第三部分主要阐述思想政治教育在“后劳教时代”的应用价值。这一部分内容从思想政治教育的导向功能、激励功能以及育人功能三个方面引导违法行为人树立服从矫正教育的正确态度,激励违法行为人树立重回社会的信心,培育违法行为人健康心理,为下文思想政治教育在改造违法行为人中作用的实现策略做了铺垫。第四部分主要阐述思想政治教育在“后劳教时代”的具体应用。这一部分内容是文章的重中之重。在总结并继承思想政治教育在改造违法行为人中的有效传统方法的基础上,借鉴马克思主义人学、心理学、社会学、法学等科学理论的研究成果,对思想政治教育在“后劳教时代”的应用对策探究分别从内容、形式、方法三个方面进行了具体阐述。其一,丰富和完善违法行为人思想政治教育的内容,从思想教育、道德教育、法制教育、文化技能教育出发,改变违法行为人的世界观、人生观、价值观,加强其道德建设,增强其法律意识,锻炼其重回社会的生活技能。其二,转变违法行为人思想政治教育的形式,强调单向灌输式教育和自主性学习相结合,理性教育和感性教育相结合,显性教育和隐性熏陶相结合,团体式教育和个性化教育相结合,整合社会资源,构建多路径、多方位的教育网络,通过这五种形式强化对违法行为人的思想政治教育。其三,探索思想政治教育的方法。其中包括继承榜样教育和时事教育的传统方法,引入心理矫正的新方法,结合思想政治教育的功能总结出来的文化功能育人法。
[Abstract]:At the end of 2013, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) announced that the system of work and education was completely abolished. Since then, the system of labor and education has been withdrawn from the system of China, and our country has entered the "the post-labor education era". The leaving and disposal means of the objects originally belonging to the labor education have been given full attention, and there is still no accurate positioning of the group of people in today's society. As a result of the fact that this group of people has violated the law but did not reach the degree of the crime, the author referred to it as an illegal person in the article. In the post-labor-teaching time, the author divides the main body of the illegal person into several classes: the first is the person of the first kind is the person who is suffering from the weathering and the morals, including the drug, the prostitution and the whoring, the type of such person is not in violation of the criminal law, so it can be applied to the Administrative Punishment Law>, The second is the people who do not commit the crime and the people who are in the wrong position. These people have the right benefit to drill the empty son between the law and the crime, and walk on the edge of the crime. The third category is a minor criminal, and the behavior of the class is actually a criminal act. But because of the limitation of the criminal law of the criminal law of our country, it is not subject to the criminal law, this is the gray space of our country's law, the fourth is the "problem juvenile", and the attitude of this kind of people's government is not the punishment but the education. Under the "the post-labor education era", the illegal person presents some new universal psychological characteristics: the psychological, the resistance to the psychology, and the desire to be accepted. Therefore, how to conduct a new period of ideological and political education to the illegal person and prevent the recurrence of the criminal act of the illegal person has become an important problem to be solved in the "the post-labor education era". As the fine style of our Party's revolution and construction, ideological and political education is a kind of social practice activity which is the core of the people's thought, position and point of view. It not only plays an effective role in the management of the daily life of the people, Moreover, the reform of the illegal person has played an active role in the period of the Chinese education system. With the development of the social environment, the past correction experience, the educational method and the content have been unable to meet the actual needs of the current work. Therefore, on the basis of the relevant research in the past, the author puts forward some shallow opinions on the optimization of the "the post-labor education era" 's ideological and political education, so as to be expected to contribute a little power to the rich theories. There are four parts in this thesis: the first part is the introduction. The introduction is made up of five parts: research purpose, research significance, literature review, research method and innovation point. On the basis of the selection of the subject, the author, through the library, the network, and other means, makes a great deal of the literature, and makes a selective absorption and extension of the academic views of the previous scholars to form the article. The second part mainly expounds the theoretical basis of the application of ideological and political education to the "the post-labor education era". This part of the content is based on the transition of the education system to the "the post-labor education era", and the theoretical foundation of the ideological and political education based on the analysis of the characteristics, the value orientation and the reasons of the abolition of the labor and education system is the Marxist theory of human study. Based on the human nature of Marxism, the article points out that the real person is the logical starting point of the ideological and political education, the subjectivity of the person is the subject of the ideological and political education, the value of the person is the value guide of the ideological and political education, Furthermore, it is proved that the age of labor and education is over, but it does not mean that ideological and political education is over. The third part mainly expounds the application value of the ideological and political education in the "the post-labor education era". The content of this part leads the illegal person to set up the correct attitude to the correction education from three aspects of the guiding function, the excitation function and the education function of the ideological and political education, The purpose of this paper is to lay the way for the realization of the role of the ideological and political education in the transformation of the illegal act. The fourth part mainly expounds the concrete application of ideological and political education in the "the post-labor education era". This part of the content is the top priority of the article. On the basis of summing up and inheriting the effective traditional method of the ideological and political education in the transformation of the illegal act, using the research results of the scientific theories such as the Marxist theory of human study, psychology, sociology and law, the application of the ideological and political education in the "the post-labor education era" is explored from the content, The three aspects of form and method are set forth in detail. First, to enrich and perfect the content of the people's ideological and political education, from the viewpoint of ideological education, moral education, legal education and cultural skill education, to change the world outlook, the outlook on life and the values of the illegal person, to strengthen their moral construction and to enhance their legal consciousness, Exercise it to return to the life skills of the society. secondly, the form of the ideological and political education of the illegal person is changed, the combination of the one-way infusion type education and the autonomous learning, the combination of the rational education and the inductive education, the combination of the explicit education and the implicit edification, the combination of the group-style education and the individualized education, the integration of the social resources, The multi-path and multi-direction education network is constructed, and the ideological and political education of the illegal person is strengthened through the five forms. Third, explore the method of ideological and political education. It includes the traditional method of inheritance model education and current affairs education, the new method of introducing the psychological correction, and the cultural function education method which is summarized in the light of the function of the ideological and political education.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D926.8

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