清代地方社会控制与政府控制的研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 04:21

本文关键词：清代地方社会控制与政府控制的研究　出处：《烟台大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：清代对地方的控制手段在总结历代经验的基础上进行了创新，适应了清朝商品经济发展，人口剧增的社会历史现实。清代对地方的控制分为官方和非官方两大主体，其中官方主体主要是州县官及其属官，非官方主体主要包括乡约、保甲、宗族。本文尝试分析了保甲与乡约的关系，宗族士绅化的衍变过程，，州县政府的职责，以及士绅在地方事务中所扮演的重要角色，以此来发现清代地方控制主体发挥自身作用的基本模式。将清代地方控制的手段归纳为法律控制、道德教化以及乡村自治，并分析了各种控制手段如何相互配合，共同实现治理地方的目的。在本文第二章，主要研究地方控制系统是如何运作的。其中宗族与国家既斗争又合作，保甲乡约这两种国家自上而下推行的制度相互协调，乡约着重发挥领导作用。士绅在基层社会是一个特殊的社会阶层，通过科举获得功名从而获得身份和地位，使他们成为连接官与民的纽带和桥梁，在地方控制中发挥的重要作用。在本文的最后一章主要讨论了清代地方控制的兴盛与衰退，试图获得清代地方控制由盛到衰的原因。
[Abstract]:On the basis of summing up the experience of the past dynasties, the local control means of the Qing Dynasty were innovated and adapted to the development of the commodity economy in the Qing Dynasty. The social and historical reality of population explosion. The control of local areas in the Qing Dynasty was divided into official and unofficial subjects, among which the official subjects were mainly state and county officials and their subordinates, and non-official subjects mainly included the township treaty and Baojia. This paper attempts to analyze the relationship between Baojia and the rural covenant, the evolution of gentrification, the duties of the state and county governments, and the important role played by the gentry in local affairs. In order to find out the basic mode of local control in Qing Dynasty, the means of local control in Qing Dynasty were summarized as legal control, moral education and village autonomy. In the second chapter, the author mainly studies how the local control system works, in which the clan and the state struggle and cooperate. The two countries carried out the system from the top to the bottom coordinated each other. The gentry was a special social stratum in the grass-roots society and gained the status and status through the imperial examination. The last chapter of this paper mainly discusses the prosperity and decline of local control in Qing Dynasty. Trying to gain the local control from prosperity to decline in the Qing Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D929;K249

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