浅析两宋证据制度

发布时间：2018-01-15 22:24

本文关键词：浅析两宋证据制度　出处：《南昌大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 由于中国古代特殊的政治、经济、文化,产生了独树一帜的证据制度,以两宋的证据制度尤为发达。但长期以来,基于各方面的原因,学者大多注重研究唐朝的证据制度,即使研究两宋的证据制度也多注重于检验制度,而忽视了对其他证据形式及其特点的研究。不可否认,唐朝证据制度和两宋检验制度的重要性,但两宋时期的证据制度也具有其特色,某些方面具有超前性,因此,值得我们去研究探讨。本文拟在已有著作的基础上着重从以下几个方面去全面的浅析两宋证据制度:首先着重介绍两宋多样的证据种类,而不仅仅只是其检验制度。从中发现两宋具有发达的书证制度,书证广泛应用于各类案件,特别是民事田产纠纷中,甚至出现了专门的鉴定机构书铺,这在中国古代是前所未有的。而且在一些案件当中物证的证明力高于口供,有时即使取得了口供也不能判案,这在一定上表明口供主义地位的动摇,对于口供主义盛行的古代中国而言,这无疑是历史的进步;其次本文从两宋证据种类出现,发现两宋证据制度具有鲜明特点,并不是一味地继承唐朝的证据制度,诸如注重对证人的保护、注重谲术判案以及出现了初级的国家赔偿制度等,这在以前是很少见的。再次以其鲜明的特点为基础,分析其发达的原因,得出两宋证据制度之所以有如此鲜明的特点,在当时的历史背景下,不是偶然而是必然;最后,从实事求是的精神出发,为了更全面的了解两宋证据制度,对其弊端进行了浅析,并着眼于当代中国证据制度的完善,提出几点建议。
[Abstract]:Because of the special politics, economy and culture in ancient China, the evidence system of the two Song dynasties was developed, but for a long time, it was based on various reasons. Scholars mostly pay attention to the study of the evidence system of Tang Dynasty. Even the study of the evidence system of the two Song dynasties also pays more attention to the inspection system, while neglecting the study of other forms of evidence and their characteristics. The evidence system of the Tang Dynasty and the inspection system of the Song Dynasty are important, but the evidence system of the two Song dynasties also has its own characteristics. On the basis of the existing works, this paper focuses on the following aspects to comprehensively analyze the two Song Dynasty evidence system: first of all, the introduction of the various types of evidence in the Song Dynasty. It was found that the Song Dynasty had developed book certificate system, which was widely used in all kinds of cases, especially in civil disputes of land property, and even appeared a special appraisal institution. This is unprecedented in ancient China. And in some cases, the material evidence is higher than the confession, sometimes even if the confession can not be decided, which in a certain degree shows that the status of confession wavered. For ancient China, where confession doctrine is prevalent, this is undoubtedly the progress of history. Secondly, from the emergence of the two Song Dynasty evidence, we find that the two Song Dynasty evidence system has distinct characteristics, is not blindly inherited the Tang Dynasty evidence system, such as focusing on the protection of witnesses. Pay attention to the treacherous judgment and the emergence of the primary state compensation system, which is very rare in the past. Again, based on its distinctive characteristics, analysis of the reasons for its development. It is concluded that the reason why the evidence system of the Song Dynasty has such distinctive characteristics is not accidental but inevitable in the historical background at that time. Finally, from the spirit of seeking truth from facts, in order to fully understand the evidence system of the two Song dynasties, this paper analyzes its drawbacks, and puts forward some suggestions on the perfection of the evidence system in contemporary China.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D929;D925;K244

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