南非宪政主义初论

发布时间：2018-02-12 17:58

本文关键词： 南非宪政主义宪法司法审查制度　出处：《山东大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 刚刚过去的二十世纪,特别是二战之后,宪政主义理论得到了长足得发展。越来越多的国家接受了宪政主义。时至今日,宪政主义理论仍然在不断发展着,并在众多宪政主义国家的具体实践中不断的完善着。宪政主义究竟包括哪些内容?这是一个难以回答的问题。但是,现在能被学界所共同接受的说法是宪政主义必须包括一部包含着先进的权利法案的宪法和一种活跃的司法审查制度。否则,那就不是宪政主义。在一个真正的宪政主义国家中,宪法在人们的政治文化生活中的地位就应该如同圣经在中世纪的欧洲一样。这部宪法必须是先进的、被人们所信仰的、真正具有强大约束力的。宪法在一个真正的宪政主义国家不止是一个适当的名字而是一个最好能通过检验和比较各种各样的宪政主义实例而被理解深刻本质、背景和价值的概念。活跃的司法审查制度作为构成宪政主义的另一个必不可少的因素最初只是一种美国现象,而活跃的司法审查制度就是宪政主义理论中以法律制约权力的思想的制度化。每一个宪政主义国家都依据本国的具体国情建立了自己的活跃的司法审查制度,而这个制度的实践情况则直接决定了宪政主义给这个国家所带来的影响。南非的宪政主义革命是在时间上距离我们最近也最具有世界范围的影响力的宪政主义革命。从宪政主义在南非的实践情况,我们可以看到宪政主义并不是先进理论和制度的堆砌。只有当宪政主义变成一种根植于社会的文化和信仰,宪政主义才能真正的发挥出它将从政治权力中解脱出来的权利变成推动社会进步的强大动力的重要作用。本文通过对南非宪政主义革命的背景、成果和问题的分析来深入的剖析南非的宪政主义革命的影响,并希望我国可以从中得到一些借鉴和经验。
[Abstract]:In 20th century, especially after World War II, the theory of constitutionalism has developed greatly. More and more countries have accepted constitutionalism. Today, the theory of constitutionalism is still developing. And in numerous constitutionalism country's concrete practice unceasingly consummates. What does constitutionalism really include? This is a difficult question to answer. But what is now accepted in academia is that constitutionalism must include a constitution containing advanced bills of rights and an active system of judicial review. That's not constitutionalism. In a true constitutionalist country, the constitution should have the same place in people's political and cultural life as the Bible did in medieval Europe. This constitution must be advanced and believed in. The Constitution in a truly constitutionalist country is not just an appropriate name, but one that is best understood by testing and comparing various examples of constitutionalism, The concept of background and value. An active system of judicial review, as another essential element of constitutionalism, was initially only an American phenomenon. The active judicial review system is the institutionalization of the idea of restricting power by law in constitutionalism theory. Every constitutionalism country has established its own active judicial review system according to its specific national conditions. The practice of this system directly determines the influence of constitutionalism on this country. The constitutionalism revolution in South Africa is the most influential constitutional revolution in South Africa in time, which is also the most influential in the world. From the practice of constitutionalism in South Africa, We can see that constitutionalism is not a building block of advanced theories and institutions. Only when constitutionalism becomes a culture and belief rooted in society, Only constitutionalism can truly play its important role in transforming the right from political power into a powerful driving force to promote social progress. This paper analyzes the background of the constitutionalism revolution in South Africa. The results and problems of the in-depth analysis of the impact of the constitutionalism revolution in South Africa, and hope that our country can get some lessons and experience.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D947;DD911

【相似文献】