英国养老金信托受托人法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 02:17

本文关键词： 信托养老金信托受托人谨慎投资义务　出处：《辽宁大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：英国的衡平法孕育了信托制度，借助信托的财富管理功能养老金资产得以在资本市场获得较为稳定的收益。其中，养老金信托受托人作为养老金资产的管理者，，其投资决策过程对整个资产的安全性和效益性起到至关重要的作用。因此，本文以英国养老金信托受托人为研究对象，重点研究受托人的权利义务等基本问题。最后，针对我国现阶段养老金信托法律规制方面的不足，提出完善信托受托人谨慎投资义务的举措。第一部分重点研究英国养老金信托制度的一般理论，包括信托制度的起源问题以及英国养老金信托制度概述。文章以衡平法在英国的兴起为切入点，分析了从土地用益制度的出现到信托制度最终形成的全过程。接着，本文对英国养老金信托的基本法律关系和制度特点等方面做了简要阐述，为下一章分析养老金信托受托人的相关问题做铺垫。第二部分主要是对英国养老金信托受托人的权利义务问题分析，包括受托人的选任资格，受托人的基本权利义务以及受托人违反信托时承担的法律责任等问题。文章认为，英国养老金信托的受托人通常由雇主亲自或者指定公司董事担任受托人。作为受托人，其享有处理信托事务和运用信托财产进行投资等诸多权利；与此同时，受托人也负有忠实义务和谨慎义务，它要求受托人妥善管理信托财产，帮助受益人获益。第三部分详细阐述了信托受托人谨慎投资义务在英美信托法中的变化演绎过程，分析了谨慎投资者规则的核心内容，并对其进行了评价。文章认为，谨慎投资义务与谨慎义务存在区别，谨慎投资义务是谨慎义务的延伸，它给受托人的投资行为树立了一种科学的评价标准，打破了以往单纯的“结果论”，将焦点集中在受托投资人投资行为全过程的综合评价。这既使受托人获得了更多的投资自由决策权，又能保障受托财产投资的安全性和收益性。因此，对养老金信托受托人而言，谨慎投资义务无疑是最重要的义务。第四部分通过对我国现阶段养老金信托法律规制的考察，发现我国信托立法中虽然初步导入了受托人的谨慎投资义务，但是还存在着“规定过于抽象，操作性不强”，“受托人投资权由政府主导，自由度较低”，“委托人和受益人举证困难”等立法缺陷。针对这些问题，笔者提出须结合我国当前资本市场发展现状，合理借鉴英美信托立法中的成熟经验，进一步完善我国受托人谨慎投资义务制度。
[Abstract]:The equity of the United Kingdom gave birth to the trust system, and with the help of the wealth management function of the trust, pension assets were able to obtain relatively stable returns in the capital market, among which, the trustee of the pension trust was the manager of the pension assets. The investment decision-making process plays a vital role in the safety and efficiency of the whole asset. Therefore, this paper focuses on the rights and obligations of the trustee in the UK pension trust, and focuses on the basic issues, such as the rights and obligations of the trustee. In view of the deficiency in the legal regulation of pension trust in our country at the present stage, this paper puts forward some measures to perfect the duty of careful investment of trust trustees. The first part focuses on the general theory of the British pension trust system, including the origin of the trust system and an overview of the British pension trust system. This paper analyzes the whole process from the emergence of the land use benefit system to the final formation of the trust system. Then, this paper briefly expounds the basic legal relationship and institutional characteristics of the pension trust in Britain. For the next chapter to analyze the pension trust trustees related issues to pave the way. The second part mainly analyzes the rights and obligations of the British pension trust trustees, including the qualifications of the trustees, the basic rights and obligations of the trustees, and the legal liability of the trustees when they violate the trust. The trustee of a British pension trust is usually the trustee of the employer himself or the director of the company. As trustee, he has many rights such as handling trust affairs and investing in trust property; at the same time, The trustee also has the duty of loyalty and care, which requires the trustee to manage the trust property properly and to help the beneficiary benefit. In the third part, the author expatiates on the variation and deduction process of the trustee's duty of prudent investment in the trust law, analyzes the core contents of the rules of prudent investors, and evaluates them. There is a difference between prudent investment obligation and prudent investment obligation, which is the extension of prudent investment obligation, which sets a scientific evaluation standard for trustee's investment behavior. It breaks away from the former "result theory" and focuses on the comprehensive evaluation of the whole process of the investment behavior of the trustee. Therefore, to the trustee of pension trust, the duty of careful investment is undoubtedly the most important obligation. Through the investigation of the legal regulation of pension trust in China at this stage in 4th, it is found that although the trustee's prudent investment obligation has been introduced into the trust legislation of our country, there is still "too abstract regulation". The operation is not strong "," the trustee investment right is dominated by the government, the freedom is low "," the trustor and the beneficiary proof proof difficulty "and so on legislation flaw. In view of these problems, the author proposes to combine our country's current capital market development present situation. Using the mature experience of Anglo-American trust legislation for reference, the system of trustee's prudent investment obligation in China is further improved.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D956.1

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