中韩两国海上灾难处理合作研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 13:17

本文关键词： 海上灾难海上搜救海上溢油合作　出处：《中国海洋大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 和平与发展成为时代主题的今天,全球化和地区合作迅猛发展。在一定区域内的相邻国家之间,基于自然条件的相似性,并且历史上政治和经济联系较为密切,出于共同发展的需要,双方之间进行合作的可能性就比较大,具体到中韩两国之间,同属东方儒家文化圈,有着近千年的交往历史,二战以来基于社会制度的差异交往中断,但是随着时代的发展,两国逐渐意识到,相互交往合作符合两国之间的利益,1992年两国正式建交,随后两国关系迅速升温,交往层次不断加深,2008年两国之间确立了“战略合作伙伴关系”,为两国其他领域的合作提供了平台和支撑。中韩两国之间涉海管理机构的合作正是在这样的背景下展开。海洋是文明的摇篮,带给人类无尽的财富,但是变幻莫测的海洋也会给人类带来巨大的灾难,尤其是近代以来,随着船舶发展的大型化,海难往往给人类带来难以想象的损失,巨型油轮的出现,海上溢油污染给人类带来巨大经济损失的同时也造成难以补救的环境危害。每一个沿海国家都在积极改革发展本国的涉海管理机构以应对越来越重大的海上灾难,中国在探索集中管理模式的道路上前行,而韩国则在集中管理的模式上建立起了丰富的经验,对比中韩两国涉海管理模式的改革发展发现两个国家的探索任重而道远。面对日益严重的海上灾难,中韩两国分别建立了自己的危机处理机构和应急队伍。在海上搜救方面,中国海上搜救中心的建立协调了相关机构共同应对随时可能发生的海上危险,韩国也在《救难救护法》框架下确立了以韩国海洋警察厅为主导的海上搜集体系。为了更有效的救助海上人员和财产,《中韩海上搜救协定》及其《履行协定》的签署标志着两国海上搜救合作进入了新阶段。在溢油处理方面,中国交通运输部海事局及沿海各省、市级政府致力于建立三位一体的海上溢油应急反应体系,韩国也建立了以海洋警察厅为主导,地方社团共同参与的溢油应急处理体系,在西北太平洋行动计划(NOWPAP)框架下中韩两国建立了溢油合作关系,并成功的于2008年在中国青岛举行了溢油应急联合演习。回顾中韩两国之间涉海管理机构的合作历史,总结合作现状,中韩两国涉海管理机构在海上灾难应对方面还有若干方面需要改进和加强。作为韩国海洋警察厅的一员,笔者在工作中也参与到了中韩两国海洋合作中来,总结合作的成绩,展望合作的发展,希望能够对中韩两国之间涉海机构的进一步合作起到有益效用。
[Abstract]:Today, peace and development are the theme of the times, globalization and regional cooperation are developing rapidly. Among the neighboring countries in a certain region, there are similarities based on natural conditions, and political and economic ties have been relatively close in history. Due to the need for common development, the possibility of cooperation between the two sides is relatively large. Specifically, the two countries, both of which belong to the Eastern Confucian cultural circle, have a history of nearly one thousand years of communication, and exchanges based on differences in social systems have been interrupted since the second World War. However, with the development of the times, the two countries gradually realized that mutual exchanges and cooperation were in the interests of the two countries. In 1992, the two countries formally established diplomatic relations, and subsequently the relations between the two countries quickly heated up. In 2008, the strategic cooperative partnership was established between the two countries, which provided the platform and support for the cooperation in other fields between the two countries. The ocean is the cradle of civilization, bringing mankind endless wealth, but the unpredictable sea will also bring great disasters to mankind, especially in modern times, with the development of ships on a large scale, Shipwrecks often bring unimaginable losses to mankind, the emergence of giant oil tankers, Oil spill pollution at sea has caused enormous economic losses to mankind and irreparable environmental harm. Every coastal country is actively reforming and developing its own maritime regulatory agencies to cope with the growing maritime disaster. China is on the way of exploring centralized management mode, while South Korea has established rich experience on centralized management mode. Comparing the reform and development of China and South Korea's management mode involving sea, we find that the two countries have a long way to go. In the face of an increasingly serious maritime disaster, China and South Korea have respectively established their own crisis management agencies and emergency teams. In the area of maritime search and rescue, The establishment of the China Maritime search and Rescue Center has coordinated efforts by relevant agencies to deal with possible maritime hazards at any time. Korea has also established a maritime collection system under the framework of the "rescue and rescue law". In order to more effectively rescue people and property at sea, the "china-Korea maritime search and rescue agreement" and its "implementation agreement" The signing marks the beginning of a new phase in maritime search and rescue cooperation between the two countries. The maritime affairs bureau of China's Ministry of Transport and coastal provinces and municipal governments are committed to the establishment of a trinity oil spill emergency response system. South Korea has also established an oil spill emergency response system led by the Marine Police Agency and jointly attended by local associations. Under the framework of the Northwest Pacific Action Plan (NPAP), China and South Korea established oil spill cooperation relations, and successfully held a joint oil spill emergency exercise in Qingdao, China on 2008. Recalling the history of cooperation between China and South Korea concerning the management of maritime affairs and summarizing the current situation of cooperation, there are a number of areas in which the maritime disaster management agencies of China and South Korea need to be improved and strengthened... as a member of the Korea Marine Police Agency, The author has also participated in the maritime cooperation between China and Korea in the work, summarizes the achievements of the cooperation, looks forward to the development of cooperation, hoping to play a beneficial role in the further cooperation between China and South Korea.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D931.26;D922.294

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