民国初年山西村治中的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 15:25

本文选题：山西村治　切入点：地方自治　出处：《山西大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 1917-1930年间,山西发生了一场声势浩大的地方行政改革运动,史称山西村治。作为民国初年官方主导下大规模的农村基层行政改革,山西村治不仅取得了良好的社会成效,而且为后一阶段南京国民政府推行县自治奠定了相应的理论和实践基础。在近代地方自治运动中,山西村治改革具有承上启下的特殊意义,因此,近年来学者们分别从政治、历史等不同的角度对此问题进行了深入的研究。然而遗憾的是,很少有学者关注到山西村治时期的法律问题。本文试图对这一问题进行探讨和研究,在全文中,笔者始终围绕山西村治中的法律问题这一核心展开论述,希望能够借此更加全面地认识这一重要的历史事件,并进一步揭示它与地方自治的关系以及对我国农村基层民主制度建设的意义。本文以山西村治时期的法规、著作、档案等丰富史料为依据,结合了当代学者的论文和论著,采用历史分析方法分析了山西村治的历史背景,应用比较分析方法研究了山西村治与地方自治的关系,并使用社会分析方法探究了山西村治对我国农村基层民主制度建设的启示等,以期对民国初年山西村治中的法律问题进行综合性研究。引言:介绍了当前学界对山西村治问题的认识,阐述了以法律的视角研究山西村治问题的价值。第一部分:通过阐述山西村治的概念、历史背景、指导思想、具体内容以及山西村治的发展及衰落,完成对山西村治改革基本内容的介绍,为进一步论述作好铺垫。第二部分:阐释了山西村治中的法律思想,并通过分析,得出它们的本质是人治思想的结论。第三部分:通过介绍民国初年山西村治的立法概况,分析得出这一时期的相关法律制度具有习惯性规范较多、程序性规范突出以及惩罚方式以“劝告”为起点的特点。第四部分:通过村自治机关的运作和村禁约制度的实行来概述山西村治的法律运行状况,最后得出山西村治改革并非走上“自治”道路,而是走向了“官治”道路的结论。第五部分:对山西村治的法制建设进行反思。首先分析了山西村治与地方自治的关系,得出山西村治是具有一定自治因素的行政编村体制的结论。其次,通过总结山西村治的历史经验,认为山西村治中村自治机关的设置以及村禁约制度的实行,对我国当代村民自治制度建设具有借鉴意义。第三,通过分析山西村治的历史教训,认为山西村治中行政干预过多与选举制度的局限性是导致山西村治失败的主要原因,对此,我国当代的村民自治制度应当坚决予以摒弃。结论部分:第一,民国初年山西村治的法律指导思想以人治为主;第二,民国初年山西村治的法律运行表明,该制度的实质是披着“自治”外衣的“官治”;第三,民国初年山西村治并非宪政意义上的地方自治。
[Abstract]:From 1917 to 1930, a great local administrative reform movement took place in Shanxi, known as Shanxi Village Government. As a large-scale rural grass-roots administrative reform led by government in the early Republic of China, Shanxi Village Government not only achieved good social results. Moreover, it lays a theoretical and practical foundation for the Nanjing National Government to carry out county autonomy in the latter stage. In the modern local autonomy movement, the reform of Shanxi village government has special significance, so in recent years, scholars have studied this problem from different angles of politics and history respectively. Few scholars have paid attention to the legal problems in the period of Shanxi Village Governance. This paper attempts to discuss and study this issue. In the full text, the author always focuses on the core of the legal issues in the governance of Shanxi Village. It is hoped that this important historical event can be fully understood and its relationship with local autonomy and its significance to the construction of rural grass-roots democratic system can be further revealed. Based on the abundant historical materials such as laws, works, archives and so on, and combining the papers and works of contemporary scholars, this paper analyzes the historical background of Shanxi Village Governance by the method of historical analysis. This paper studies the relationship between Shanxi village governance and local autonomy by means of comparative analysis, and probes into the enlightenment of Shanxi village governance to the construction of rural grass-roots democratic system by using social analysis method. With a view to the early years of the Republic of China Shanxi Village in the comprehensive study of the legal issues. Introduction: this paper introduces the current understanding of Shanxi Village Governance in academic circles and expounds the value of studying Shanxi Village Governance from the perspective of law. The first part: by expounding the concept, historical background, guiding ideology, concrete content and the development and decline of Shanxi Village Government, the author completes the introduction of the basic content of Shanxi Village Governance Reform, and lays the groundwork for further discussion. In the second part, the author explains the legal thoughts in the governance of Shanxi Village, and draws the conclusion that their essence is the thought of ruling by Man. The third part: by introducing the legislative survey of Shanxi Village Government in the early period of the Republic of China, it is concluded that the relevant legal system in this period has the characteristics of more customary norms, prominent procedural norms and the punishment of "advice" as the starting point. Part 4th: through the operation of the village self-government organs and the implementation of the village prohibition system, the author summarizes the legal operation of Shanxi village government, and finally draws the conclusion that the Shanxi village governance reform is not on the road of "autonomy", but on the road of "government administration". Part 5th: reflection on the legal system construction of Shanxi Village Government. Firstly, the relationship between Shanxi Village Government and local autonomy is analyzed, and the conclusion that Shanxi Village Government is an administrative system with certain autonomous factors is concluded. Through summing up the historical experience of Shanxi village governance, it is considered that the establishment of Shanxi village governing central village self-government organ and the implementation of village ban system have reference significance for the construction of contemporary villager autonomy system in our country. Thirdly, by analyzing the historical lessons of Shanxi village government, It is believed that too much administrative intervention and the limitation of the electoral system are the main reasons leading to the failure of Shanxi village governance. Therefore, the contemporary villager autonomy system in our country should be resolutely abandoned. The conclusions are as follows: first, the guiding ideology of Shanxi village governance in the early period of the Republic of China is the rule of man; second, the law operation of Shanxi village government in the early period of the Republic of China shows that the essence of the system is "official governance" in the guise of "autonomy". In the early years of the Republic of China, the governance of Shanxi Village was not local autonomy in the sense of constitutionalism.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D929

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