WTO贸易救济制度的法经济学分析

发布时间：2018-03-11 19:49

本文选题：WTO　切入点：贸易救济　出处：《吉林大学》2009年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： WTO主张各成员实行贸易自由化,逐步开放货物和服务市场,促进国际贸易和世界经济的发展。但它对开放市场后可能对成员经济贸易发展带来的影响也予以关注,对贸易自由化的风险也相应地制定了一系列条款或协议加以防范,允许其成员建立自己的符合WTO规范的保障机制,对本国产业实行合理与适度的保护。WTO框架下的反倾销、反补贴、保障措施等旨在维护进出口公平贸易的贸易救济措施是各国最常用的,也是被WTO制度化了的规则导向的主要部分。通过对WTO贸易救济制度的成本收益分析可知,各国采取的贸易救济措施有时并非是有效率的,但并不妨碍它作为贸易政策工具被广泛地使用,因此,从某种意义上讲,反倾销等贸易救济措施的政治性多于经济性。WTO贸易救济制度的设计本意是降低交易成本,推动多边贸易的自由化,而WTO贸易救济规则的异化却将维护公平竞争的规则演变为反公平竞争的规则,进而增加了交易成本,阻碍了公平贸易的实现。伴随着经济危机影响的加深,抵制贸易保护的呼声并没有抑制住全球贸易摩擦案件的迅速上升。事实证明,过分的贸易救济措施不仅会伤害对方,也会伤及本国国内下游产业及消费者的利益,同时,贸易伙伴的报复也会日渐增多。本文从法经济学的视角,运用供给需求、成本收益、公共选择等理论分析了WTO框架下贸易救济制度的公平和效率,探讨了当前一些国家滥用贸易救济措施的深层次原因,提出了中国应对国外贸易救济和应用贸易救济应采取的策略。
[Abstract]:WTO advocates that members should liberalize their trade, open up the markets of goods and services step by step, and promote the development of international trade and world economy. Accordingly, a series of articles or agreements have been made to prevent the risks of trade liberalization, allowing its members to establish their own safeguard mechanism in line with the WTO norms, and to carry out reasonable and appropriate protection of domestic industries against anti-dumping under the framework of WTO. Countervailing measures, safeguard measures and other trade relief measures aimed at maintaining fair trade between imports and exports are the most commonly used trade relief measures in various countries, and are also the main part of the rule-oriented system institutionalized by the WTO. Through the cost-benefit analysis of the WTO trade relief system, we can know that, Trade relief measures taken by countries are sometimes not efficient, but do not prevent their widespread use as instruments of trade policy, and thus, in a sense, Anti-dumping and other trade relief measures are more political than economic. WTO trade relief system is designed to reduce transaction costs and promote multilateral trade liberalization. However, the dissimilation of WTO trade relief rules turns the rules of maintaining fair competition into anti-fair competition rules, which increases transaction costs and hinders the realization of fair trade. Calls for a boycott of trade protection have not stopped the rapid rise in global trade frictions. Excessive trade remedies have proved to hurt not only the other side, but also the interests of downstream industries and consumers at home. From the perspective of law and economics, this paper analyzes the fairness and efficiency of trade relief system under the framework of WTO by using the theories of supply demand, cost benefit and public choice. This paper probes into the deep-seated causes of the abuse of trade relief measures in some countries, and puts forward the strategies that China should take to deal with foreign trade relief and apply trade relief.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D996.1;D90-05

【引证文献】