明代官员久任法研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 22:07

本文选题：明代　切入点：官员　出处：《清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2013年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：明代官员久任法既保留着往昔的历史特质,又在承袭中有所发展,表现出鲜明的时代特征。洪武至正德,是久任法的滥觞期,此期官多久任,相关配套制度不断完善,成为官员久任法得以持续推行的重要保障。及弘、正时,官员速迁之势渐盛,久任遭致破坏,难以维系。至嘉靖,正式将久任立为一法,但受大礼议及严嵩专权的冲击,此期官员久任呈现出有法可依而执法不严的怪象。万历初,张居正秉政,复行久任之法,相关制度臻于完善;但从张居正死至明亡之前,明廷虽有重振旧法之意,无奈皇祚将倾,久任法近于废弛。作为官员管理制度的重要组成部分,明代官员久任法与考核、铨选、监察等制度相联系,一定程度上有利于官员谙练政务,务实行事,责以实效;但若久任非人,此法则易造成仕途淹滞,苟且玩a,形成利益集团,从而导致吏治腐败,行政效率低下。
[Abstract]:The long term law of the Ming Dynasty not only retains the historical characteristics of the past, but also develops in succession, showing distinct characteristics of the times. Hongwu to Zhengde is the origin of the long term law, and how long the officials are appointed in this period, and the relevant supporting systems have been continuously improved. It has become an important safeguard for the continued implementation of the long-serving law of officials. And at the right time, the tendency of officials to move quickly is becoming more and more popular, and long tenure is destroyed, which is difficult to maintain. To Jiajing, long term tenure is officially made into one law, but it is impacted by the great courtesy and the monopoly power of Yan Song. At the beginning of Wanli, Zhang Juzheng was in charge of politics, and the relevant system was being perfected. But from Zhang Juzheng's death to the death of Ming Dynasty, although the Ming court had the intention of reviving the old law, As an important part of the official management system, as an important part of the official management system, the long term appointment of officials in the Ming Dynasty was linked to the systems of examination, public election, supervision, and so on, to a certain extent conducive to the officials' understanding of government affairs and pragmatic conduct. Responsibility is effective; however, if he is not a person for a long time, this rule can easily cause official career to be flooded, play with it and form an interest group, thus leading to corruption in the administration of officials and low administrative efficiency.
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“明代社会舆论与政治秩序研究”(11CZS017)
【分类号】：D929;K248;D691.42

【共引文献】