论考夫曼的法哲学思想

发布时间：2018-03-22 18:47

本文选题：诠释学　切入点：正义法　出处：《重庆大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 阿图尔?考夫曼是二战后德国最有影响的法哲学权威之一,他建立了法律诠释学本体论,并重新审视了程序理论对法学研究的意义。在现阶段,对考夫曼的法哲学思想进行系统的梳理是很有必要的。本文以六大部分来论述考夫曼的法哲学思想,内容依次是: 第一部分,考夫曼学术思想概论及其产生背景。第二部分,论述考夫曼在考察了法哲学历史之后形成的法哲学观,在此考夫曼提出了自己法哲学的基本问题,亦即:正义法是什么?如何实现正义法? 第三部分,考夫曼的法律诠释学本体论。考夫曼将哲学诠释学引入法律中,并发展出自己的法律论释学本体论,这是考夫曼学术思想的重点所在。考夫曼的法律诠释学本体论坚持主客观相互融合的路向,强调法律发现的过程是主客体相互融合的过程。他反对传统的实证论的科学主义思维方式,他认为法律发现的对象不是文本,而是一种关系。考夫曼认为法律发现的过程是综合了演绎、归纳、设证等方法的结果,他将这一综合的方法概括为“类推”。考夫曼认为“类推”属于“类型”式的思维方式,只存在一个意义核心,其外延却是模糊的,在一切法律发现的过程中,“类推”都是不可或缺的。第四部分,考夫曼的程序正义理论。在解答法哲学的基本问题时,考夫曼发现光有诠释学是不够的,因此他求助于程序理论。考夫曼在系统考察了现存程序理论的基础上,提出了自己的以人为对象的程序正义理论。他认为现存程序理论最大的缺陷就在于他们认为能够无视历史和事实,达致客观真理。考夫曼认为,现存程序理论在强调对话这一点上是正确的,但却需要引入对内容的考量。在此,他认为需要引入的并非实体的存有物,而是关系的存有物,他找到了“人”——作为关系的人格人。在此,考夫曼在此重申了自己反对实体本体论,主张关系本体论的观点。第五部分,宽容原则。考夫曼在其理论中一直强调宽容原则,宽容和多元价值是其思想的核心。正是由于宽容的存在,才有了对他人观点的尊重,才有了程序理论存在的必要。在考夫曼看来,宽容不仅是达致真理的必要前提,还是解决某些法律问题的关键,宽容也是我们的命运与美德。第六部分,结语。我们应该反思和宽容地对待考夫曼的思想。
[Abstract]:Artul? Kaufman was one of the most influential legal philosophy authorities in Germany after World War II. He established the ontology of legal hermeneutics and reexamined the significance of procedural theory to the study of law. It is necessary to sort out Kaufman's philosophy of law systematically. This paper discusses Kaufman's philosophy of law with six parts, the content of which is as follows:. The first part is the introduction of Kaufman's academic thought and its background. The second part discusses the philosophy of law formed by Kaufman after examining the history of philosophy of law. In this part, Kaufman puts forward the basic question of his philosophy of law, that is, what is the law of justice? How to achieve justice law? The third part, Kaufman's ontology of legal hermeneutics. Kaufman introduced philosophical hermeneutics into law and developed his own ontology of legal hermeneutics. This is the focus of Kaufman's academic thought. Kaufman's ontology of legal hermeneutics adheres to the direction of subjective and objective integration. Emphasizing that the process of legal discovery is a process of merging subject and object, he opposes the traditional scientism thinking mode of positivism, and thinks that the object of legal discovery is not a text. It's a relationship. Kaufman thinks that the process of legal discovery is the result of a combination of deductions, inductions, certificates, and so on, and he generalizes this comprehensive method as "analogies". Kaufman thinks that "analogy" belongs to the "type" mode of thinking. There is only one core of meaning, but its extension is vague, in all the process of legal discovery, "analogy" is indispensable. The fourth part, Kaufman's theory of procedural justice. In answering the basic questions of philosophy of law, Kaufman found that hermeneutics was not enough, so he turned to the theory of procedure. He put forward his own theory of procedural justice aimed at people. He thought that the biggest flaw in the existing procedural theories was that they believed that they could achieve objective truth by ignoring history and facts. The existing procedural theory is correct in emphasizing the point of dialogue, but it is necessary to introduce consideration of the content. In this context, he believes that it is not the entities of entities but the entities of relationships that need to be introduced. Kaufman found "man"-the personality of relationship. Here, Kaufman reiterated his opposition to entity ontology and his view of relational ontology. In the fifth part, the principle of tolerance. Kaufman has always emphasized the principle of tolerance in his theory. Tolerance and pluralistic values are the core of his thought. It is because of the existence of tolerance that there is respect for the views of others. In Kaufman's view, tolerance is not only the necessary prerequisite to achieve truth, but also the key to solving some legal problems. Tolerance is also our destiny and virtue. The sixth part, conclusion. We should reflect on and treat Kaufman's thought with tolerance.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D90

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