美国337调查制度的合法性问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 09:46

本文选题：337调查　切入点：337条款　出处：《华中科技大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 337调查制度作为美国的知识产权边境保护措施,是美国处理国际贸易领域知识产权纠纷的重要平台。因337调查制度快捷有效的处理程序以及厉害的排除令措施,使得出口美国市场的外国产品生产商和销售商深受其扰。伴随着GATT/WTO机制的形成,以及TRIPS协议的完善,国际社会开始挑战美国的337调查制度,质疑该制度有违WTO/TRIPS协议的规则,指其系贸易保护的表现,认为该制度存在严重的不合理性,要求美国予以修正或废除。然而美国自始至终没有废除该制度,只是迫于压力对该制度进行了部分的修正,以求消弭其他贸易国家的责备。本文从337调查制度的条款内容入手,对该制度的合法性做细致的条文比较分析,并结合两则典型的337调查纠纷案例,探讨了337调查制度是否合法性的命题。第一部分阐述了美国337调查制度的起源及其历史发展过程,介绍了337调查程序的内容。第二部分透过337调查制度,主要讨论了围绕该制度合法性问题进行争论的背后蕴涵,表现在三个方面:第一,美国经济优势的衰退与新贸易保护的抬头;其次337调查制度特有的法律规范和执行功能使得合法性命题争论趋于复杂;最后则主要表达了研究该制度的合法与否问题所具有的积极意义。第三部分,从美国内国法视野角度指出337调查制度不但是美国的知识产权边境保护措施,更是美国贸易保护政策产物。第四部分是从GATT/WTO规则角度出发,结合专家组对弹簧组件案和尼龙纤维案的处理,论述了337调查制度有违GATT/WTO框架下的国民待遇原则。同时指出,1994年美国《乌拉圭回合协议法》对337条款的修正从本质上没有改变337条款的贸易保护性质。第五部分通过对比337调查制度与TRIPS协议的条文,并重点分析了该制度的价值理念,最终得出结论,337调查制度与TRIPS协议条文上的一致性并不能掩盖二者在本质上的冲突,337调查制度构成了对合法贸易的扭曲与障碍。结论部分指出337调查制度在未来仍将担任着美国知识产权边境保护者的角色,那么,笔者针对这个问题提出了将来挑战337调查制度合法性的可能性途径,并对中国是否设立类似的“337调查制度”,以求既能对国内产业实施行之有效的保护而又符合国际贸易规则提出了自己的建议。
[Abstract]:As an intellectual property border protection measure of the United States, the investigation system is an important platform for the United States to deal with intellectual property disputes in the field of international trade. With the formation of the GATT/WTO mechanism and the perfection of the TRIPS agreement, the international community has begun to challenge the U.S. investigation system of 337, questioning that the system violates the rules of the WTO/TRIPS Agreement. Referring to the expression of trade protection, which considers that the system is seriously irrational and requires the United States to amend or abolish it. However, the United States has not abolished the system from beginning to end, but has only been partially amended by pressure, In order to eliminate the blame of other trading countries. This paper begins with the provisions of the 337 investigation system, makes a detailed comparative analysis of the legality of the system, and combines two typical cases of 337 investigation disputes. The first part expounds the origin and historical development of the 337 investigation system in the United States, and introduces the contents of the 337 investigation procedure. The second part introduces the 337 investigation system through the 337 investigation system. This paper mainly discusses the implications of the controversy over the legitimacy of the system, which are manifested in three aspects: first, the decline of American economic advantage and the rise of new trade protection; Secondly, the special legal norms and executive functions of 337 investigation system make the controversy of legality proposition more complicated. Finally, it mainly expresses the positive significance of studying the legality of the system. It is pointed out from the angle of view of American domestic law that the investigation system is not only the intellectual property protection measure of the United States, but also the product of American trade protection policy. The fourth part is from the point of view of GATT/WTO rules. In conjunction with the expert Group's treatment of the Spring Assembly case and the Nylon Fiber case, This paper discusses that the investigation system of 337 violates the principle of national treatment under the framework of GATT/WTO, and points out that the amendment of Section 337 of the United States Uruguay Round Agreement Act of 1994 does not in essence change the nature of trade protection of Section 337. By comparing the Section 337 investigation system with the provisions of the TRIPS Agreement, The value concept of the system is also analyzed. Finally, it is concluded that the consistency between the investigation system and the articles of the TRIPS Agreement does not cover up the conflict between the two systems in essence. The conclusion part points out that the investigation system in the future will be a distortion and obstacle to the legitimate trade. Will continue to act as a protector of the U.S. intellectual property border, Then, the author puts forward the possible ways to challenge the legality of 337 investigation system in the future. It also puts forward some suggestions on whether China should set up a similar "337 investigation system" in order to protect the domestic industry effectively and accord with the rules of international trade.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D971.2;D997.1

【引证文献】