唐代口供证据研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 15:21

本文选题：口供　切入点：证据制度　出处：《郑州大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】：法学界常以我国古代证据制度不够完善甚至残酷无度而指称古代司法实乃擅断主义,尤其指责古代证据“无供不录案”这一极端重视口供的做法乃是司法擅断主义的罪魁。从历史的角度看,口供作为证据之一,无论当今亦或古代在司法裁判中都起着举足轻重的作用。故有必要对我国古代口供及相关证据制度进行系统的梳理和考察,以便窥见我国古代证据规则和司法裁判的真实面目。本文选取唐代口供证据作为考察的中心,通过考察唐代口供的表现形态、口供的分类、口供的功能,口供的获取及法律适用,口供的补强规则等,特别是通过具体案例来展现口供及相关证据在司法实践中的具体运用,来透视整个唐代证据制度的全貌。从口供证据的相关规定可以看到唐代证据制度的特征:以口供为主,重视证据,限制刑讯逼供;采用“有罪推定”下的疑罪从轻从赎原则;采用司法官主导下的准“自由心证”证明原则;维护礼治秩序。从口供及其相关证据制度在司法上的表现,来考察唐代的司法传统:从司法理念看,推崇“推鞫得情,处断平允”的司法理念;从司法运作看,首创“服辩”制度与确立死刑复奏制度;从司法原则看,重证据,尚求实,依法科断;从司法效果看,司法受制于君主专制政体。从本文的考察中不难得出,唐代证据制度虽有简陋粗糙的一面,但也有“重证据,尚求实”的一面,并不能简单的认为古代证据就是“罪从供定”,还应该以历史的眼光看到古代证据制度重口供背后的合理性与必然性。同时,唐代证据制度所昭示的“仁恕”之道、慎刑恤民、重视生命的传统司法精神理念亦然有今天值得肯定和借鉴的价值。
[Abstract]:The law circle often accuses the ancient judicial practice of arbitrariness because the ancient evidence system of our country is not perfect or cruel, especially criticizes that the extreme attention to confession of ancient evidence is the chief culprit of judicial arbitrariness.From the historical point of view, confession as one of the evidence, both today and ancient times in the judicial decision plays an important role.Therefore, it is necessary to systematically comb and investigate the ancient confessions and relevant evidence systems in order to see the true features of the ancient rules of evidence and the judicial judgment.This paper selects the evidence of the Tang Dynasty confession as the center of investigation, through the investigation of the Tang Dynasty confession form, the classification of the confession, the function of the confession, the acquisition and application of the law, the rules of reinforcement of the confession, etc.Especially through specific cases to show the specific use of confessions and related evidence in judicial practice to perspective the whole Tang Dynasty evidence system.From the relevant provisions of confession evidence, we can see the characteristics of the evidence system of Tang Dynasty: giving priority to oral confession, attaching importance to evidence, limiting extortion by torture, adopting the principle of "presumption of guilt" as a lesser punishment for a suspected crime;Adopt the principle of quasi-" free heart proof "under the guidance of the magistrate, and maintain the order of rule of etiquette.In this paper, the judicial tradition of Tang Dynasty is investigated from the judicial performance of confession and its relevant evidence system: from the view of judicial idea, the judicial idea of "pushing the situation and ruling out the promise", and from the view of the judicial operation, the judicial tradition of the Tang Dynasty is studied.From the view of judicial principle, we should attach importance to evidence, seek truth and judge according to law. From the view of judicial effect, the judiciary is subject to the monarchical autocracy.From the investigation of this article, it is not difficult to draw a conclusion that although the evidence system of Tang Dynasty has a crude and rough side, it also has the side of "attaching importance to evidence and seeking truth". It is not easy to think that ancient evidence is "crime for conviction".We should also see the rationality and inevitability of the ancient evidence system.At the same time, the "benevolence and forgiveness" of the evidence system of the Tang Dynasty, careful punishment of the people, and the traditional concept of judicial spirit of attaching importance to life also have the value to be affirmed and used for reference today.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D929;D925

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