卢埃林判例法思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 18:48

本文选题：判例法 + 卡尔·卢埃林　；参考：《山东大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 法律现实主义是影响美国法律发展、法学教育、法律实践的一场重要运动,卢埃林作为美国法律现实主义的领军人物,通过对判例的实证研究阐发现实主义法学思想,以现实主义法学思想来改造判例法的相关理论。虽然对卢埃林某些法学观点,学界的意见并不一致,褒贬都不在少数,但是卢埃林的判例法思想却得到广泛的认同。卢埃林一些关于判例的论述成为大家引用的经典。卢埃林认为,判例法与成文法都是美国权威法律渊源,判例法存在于判例中,是法官在解决具体纠纷的过程中创造的法;要把握判例中的规则,不仅要研究判决意见,更要研究相关的材料,以怀疑的态度来考察判例,以规范的目的能否实现为标准来考察规则;遵循先例的原则是双面的,严格观点与宽松观点并存,其中严格观点用来限制不受欢迎的判例或判例中某部分的适用,宽松观点则用来扩大受欢迎的判例或判例中某部分的适用;先例适用中确实存在着一些为人们所忽视的适用技术,根据卢埃林的不完全列举已达64项之多;遵循先例的原则指导法官援用先例裁判案件,法官运用先例适用技术创造性地适用先例。卢埃林作为《美国统一商法典》起草组的组长,他的判例法思想与法典似乎存在矛盾,实际上并非如此。法典和判例法都是在法律现实主义思想指导下形成的,法典梳理判例成为体系,判例法补充法典的适用,二者统一于法律的现代化以及理想法律规则的目标。研究卢埃林判例法思想目的在于更好地理解中国的制度,包括古代的各种例形成的中国特色的判例制度,以及新中国的案例指导制度;而只有切实把握了什么是判例法,更为深刻地理解了中国的制度,才能更好地反思中国的实际。
[Abstract]:Legal realism is an important movement that affects the development of American law, legal education and legal practice. Llewellyn, as the leading figure of American legal realism, elucidates the realistic legal thought through the empirical study of the case law. To reform the relevant theories of case law with realistic legal thought. Although the opinions of Llewellyn are not unanimous, but Llewellyn's case law thought is widely accepted. Some of Llewellyn's arguments on the case law have been cited as classics. Llewellyn believed that both case law and statute law are the authoritative sources of law in the United States. Case law exists in cases and is the law created by judges in the process of resolving specific disputes. In order to grasp the rules of case law, it is necessary not only to study judgment opinions, It is even more important to study relevant materials, to examine the case law with a skeptical attitude, and to examine the rules according to whether the purpose of the norm can be realized. The principle of following precedents is double-sided, and strict views coexist with lenient views. The strict view is used to limit the application of an unpopular case or a part of a case, while the loose view is used to expand the application of a popular case or part of a case; There are indeed some techniques that people ignore in the application of precedents, as many as 64 according to Llewellyn's incomplete enumeration; the principle of precedent guides judges to use precedents to adjudicate cases. Judges apply precedents creatively and creatively. As the leader of the drafting group of the uniform Commercial Code of the United States, Llewellyn's thought of case law seems to contradict the Code, but in fact it is not. Both the code and the case law are formed under the guidance of the legal realism thought, the code combs the case law to become the system, the case law supplements the code the application, both unify in the legal modernization and the ideal legal rule goal. The purpose of studying Llewellyn's case law thought is to better understand the Chinese system, including the case system with Chinese characteristics formed by various ancient examples, and the case guidance system of New China. A deeper understanding of China's system can better reflect on China's reality.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D909.712

【引证文献】