《大清刑事民事诉讼法》草案研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 19:22

  本文选题：《大清刑事民事诉讼法》草案 + 刑事诉讼　； 参考：《中国政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文以《大清刑事民事诉讼法》草案为主要研究对象,在清末法律变革的宏大历史背景下,运用历史学、法律文献整理学、法律史学、诉讼法学、法律社会学等学科的基本知识、理论与方法从四个方面对其进行全面而详细的考察和分析。概述如下: 第一部分在历史学、社会学的视角下探究其产生的直接动因,利用晚清历史资料勾勒出《大清刑事民事诉讼法》草案的制定过程。该草案是在清末改制的历史背景下产生的,其产生的直接动因是收回西方列强在华领事裁判权。《大清刑事民事诉讼法》草案的制定过程大致如此:沈家本、伍廷芳变通接受了御史刘彭年关于编纂诉讼法的主张,提出了制定《大清刑事民事诉讼法》的立法计划,并建议派员赴日本考察诉讼制度,学习日本诉讼立法的成功经验,该草案由修订法律馆编纂完成后,沈、伍二人上《进呈诉讼法拟请先行试办折》对草案进行了解释和说明,并奏请光绪帝批准先颁试行。 第二部分应用诉讼法学的知识和理论对《大清刑事民事诉讼法》草案进行文本解读,分析其体例、结构、内容及特点。该草案采用实体法与程序法分别编纂,刑事诉讼法与民事诉讼法合一的体例。本草案由总纲、刑事规则、民事规则、刑事民事通用规则、中外交涉案件五章及附于其后的颁行例构成。通过对其结构和内容的分析可以归纳出该草案的特点如下:1.是一部过渡性立法;2.革除传统司法审判中的弊病;3.引入西方近代诉讼制度,同时保留部分旧有制度;4.采用职权主义与当事人主义相结合的混合诉讼模式。 第三部分主要阐述围绕《大清刑事民事诉讼法》草案所产生的论争。该草案提交清廷后,以张之洞为首的地方大员提出了各种异议。双方争论焦点是刑讯、逮捕、刑事裁判、查封产物、律师、陪审等制度。这次论争是清末礼法之争的前奏,其实质是中西诉讼法价值的冲突,同时也是法律变革的路径之争。 第四部分则探究《大清刑事民事诉讼法》草案的命运及其原因。通过对史料的剖析,可以认定该草案的最终命运是“胎亡”。该草案胎亡的直接原因是地方大员们的反对和情势的变更,间接原因同时也是更深层次的原因则是政治制度变革的滞后和意识形态的束缚。
[Abstract]:This paper, taking the draft of the criminal civil procedure law of the Great Qing Dynasty as the main object of study, has carried out a comprehensive and detailed investigation and analysis of the basic knowledge, theory and method of history, legal literature collation, legal history, procedural law and legal sociology under the grand historical background of the reform of the late Qing Dynasty in four aspects. As follows:
The first part explores the direct cause of its production in the perspective of history and sociology, and uses the historical data of the late Qing Dynasty to outline the process of making the draft of the criminal civil procedure law of the Qing Dynasty. The draft is produced in the historical background of the reform of the late Qing Dynasty. The direct motive of the draft is to reclaim the consular jurisdiction of the Western powers in China. The drafting process of the draft of procedural law is roughly the same: Shen Jiaben, Wu Tingfang, who accepted the claim of the imperial history Liu Pengnian on the codification of litigation law, put forward the legislative plan for the formulation of the criminal civil procedure law of the Qing Dynasty, and suggested that the staff be sent to Japan to inspect the litigation system and to learn the successful experience of the Japanese lawsuit legislation. The draft was revised by the law Museum. After the completion of the compilation, Shen and Wu put forward the explanation and explanation of the draft.
The second part applies the knowledge and theory of procedural law to interpret the text of the draft of the criminal civil procedure law of the Qing Dynasty, and analyzes its style, structure, content and characteristics. The draft adopts the separate compilation of substantive law and procedural law and the combination of criminal procedure law and civil procedure law. This draft is composed of general programme, criminal rule, civil rule, criminal civil law. The general rule, five chapters of the case of negotiation between China and foreign countries and the enactment of the enactment. Through the analysis of its structure and content, it can be concluded that the characteristics of the draft are as follows: 1. is a transitional legislation; 2. to remove the maladies in the traditional judicial trial; 3. introduce modern western litigation system, and retain some old system; 4. use power doctrine. A combination of litigant and litigants.
The third part mainly expounds the controversy surrounding the draft of the criminal civil procedure law of the Great Qing Dynasty. After the draft was submitted to the Qing court, a variety of objections were put forward by the local large members headed by Zhang Zhidong. The dispute between the two sides is the system of torture, arrest, criminal judgment, seal up products, lawyers, jury and other systems. This controversy is the prelude to the dispute of the law of rites in the late Qing Dynasty, in fact Quality is the conflict between the value of Chinese and Western procedural law, as well as the contention of the path of legal change.
The fourth part explores the fate and causes of the draft of the criminal civil procedure law of the Great Qing Dynasty. Through the analysis of the historical data, it can be found that the final fate of the draft is "the death of the fetus". The direct reason for the death of the draft is the change of the opposition and the situation of the local large members, the indirect cause and the deeper reason is the political system change. The lag of leather and the shackles of ideology.

【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D929;D925.1;D925.2
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本文编号：1779095