成本收益分析：基本理论与我国立法实践

发布时间：2018-05-13 23:33

本文选题：法律经济学 + 政府立法　；参考：《中国政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 法规是政府监管权限的依据和来源,法规的质量直接决定着政府监管的时效性。因此,制定和颁布一项法规,政府相关部门应当进行分析评估,以证明出台这项法规是必要的,法规所确立的特定制度是正当的,法规实施后所取得的效益是明显的。成本收益分析是这种政府立法评估的最主要方法,是提高政府立法质量的一种有效手段。成本收益分析将规章可能产生的收益和成本以货币化的形式表示,通过比较成本和收益的大小,来判断规章的正当性。这种定量分析方法明确了“公平正义”、“公共利益”的衡量标准,增加了政府立法过程的公开性和透明度,改进了立法技术,提高了立法的时效性,弥补了制定法的滞后性、僵化性等局限,使政府的监管行为始终具有时效性。. 本文从概述成本收益分析基本理论入手,结合具体案例,介绍了政府立法成本和收益的识别、核算方法,在此基础上,针对我国政府立法过程中存在的问题,详细阐述了我国政府立法成本收益分析应当采取的模式,并对我国建立政府立法成本收益分析的长效实施机制提出了建议。国务院法制部门应当总结立法后评估工作的经验做法,修改政府立法的程序性规范,制定政府立法成本收益分析操作指引,使政府立法成本收益分析制度化、规范化,将成本收益分析方法贯穿于政府立法的全过程——立法前、立法中和立法后。要建立一套政府立法成本收益分析组织、协调、审查机构,避免政府立法成本收益分析流于形式,防止浪费社会资源。
[Abstract]:Laws and regulations are the basis and source of government supervision authority. The quality of laws and regulations directly determines the timeliness of government supervision. Therefore, to formulate and promulgate a law, the relevant government departments should make an analysis and evaluation to prove that it is necessary to introduce this law, that the specific system established by the law is legitimate, and that the benefits obtained after the implementation of the law are obvious. Cost-benefit analysis is the most important method to evaluate government legislation and an effective means to improve the quality of government legislation. Cost-benefit analysis expresses the possible benefits and costs of regulations in the form of monetization, and judges the legitimacy of regulations by comparing the size of costs and benefits. This quantitative analysis method clarifies the measurement standards of "fairness and justice" and "public interest", increases the openness and transparency of the legislative process of the government, improves the legislative technology, improves the timeliness of legislation, and makes up for the lag in the formulation of laws. Inflexibility and other limitations, so that the government's regulatory behavior has always had timeliness. Starting with the basic theory of cost-benefit analysis and combining with specific cases, this paper introduces the identification and accounting methods of government legislation cost and income. On this basis, the paper aims at the problems existing in the process of government legislation in China. This paper expounds in detail the mode that should be adopted in the analysis of the cost and benefit of government legislation, and puts forward some suggestions for the establishment of a long-term implementation mechanism for the analysis of cost and benefit of government legislation. The legal department of the State Council should sum up the experience and practice of post-legislative evaluation, revise the procedural norms of government legislation, formulate operational guidelines for cost-benefit analysis of government legislation, and institutionalize and standardize the cost-benefit analysis of government legislation. Cost-benefit analysis method runs through the whole process of government legislation-before legislation, legislative neutralization and after legislation. It is necessary to set up a set of organizations for the analysis of government legislation cost and income, coordinate and examine the organization, avoid the government legislation cost and income analysis become a mere formality, and prevent the waste of social resources.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D920.0

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