被误解的道家法哲学——从本源法哲学与本体法哲学谈起

发布时间：2018-05-18 09:04

  本文选题：儒法法哲学 + 道家法哲学　； 参考：《现代哲学》2012年01期

【摘要】：儒法在"道统""政统""法统"上的合流,直接造就了中国历史上横亘上千年的正统法哲学,正统法哲学成为解读和评判其他法哲学流派的标尺,由此道家法哲学沦为旁支或者另类,对其过度诠释、误读、贬损比比皆是。正统法哲学的基础是本源法哲学,它从本源论上的现象世界来讨论问题,其"天"和"道"都是人的主观意识对客观世界的认识和总结,其法哲学成为君王治理现象世界的理论指南和为王权合法性辩护的工具;而道家法哲学则从本体论的角度超越现象世界回答其本真问题,否定主客观之间的对立,批判一切经验世界的有为法则,指出其相对性和局限性以及由此造成的弊端,这种法哲学对于人类反思现象世界的缺陷和构建本体论意义深远,但是对集权统治来说甚少利用价值。道家法哲学被驳难和误读,不仅发生在中国传统历代王朝,甚至延续到今日。那些囿于个人立场、观念的过度诠释往往掩盖了道家法哲学的精髓和精彩,只有厘清这些误解、误读,才能让更多的人受益于道家法哲学的智慧之光。
[Abstract]:The confluence of Confucianism and law on "Taoism" and "political unity" and "legal system" directly created the orthodox legal philosophy which lasted thousands of years in the history of China. Orthodox legal philosophy became the yardstick of interpreting and judging other schools of legal philosophy. As a result, Taoist philosophy of law degenerated into a side or alternative, its over-interpretation, misreading, derogatory everywhere. The orthodox philosophy of law is based on the original philosophy of law, which discusses the problem from the phenomenal world of the theory of origin. Its "Heaven" and "Tao" are both the subjective consciousness of man's understanding and summary of the objective world. His philosophy of law has become a theoretical guide for the monarch to govern the phenomenal world and a tool for defending the legitimacy of Wang Quan, while the Taoist philosophy of law transcends the world of phenomena from the ontological point of view to answer its original questions and negate the opposition between subjectivity and objectivity. This philosophy of law is of profound significance for human beings to reflect on the defects of the phenomenal world and to construct ontology, by criticizing the law of the world of experience and pointing out its relativity and limitation, as well as the disadvantages caused by it. But there is little use of value for totalitarian rule. Taoist philosophy of law was refuted and misread, not only in the Chinese traditional dynasties, and even continue to this day. Due to their personal standpoint, the over-interpretation of ideas often conceals the essence and brilliance of Taoist philosophy of law. Only by clarifying these misunderstandings and misreading can more people benefit from the wisdom of Taoist philosophy of law.
【作者单位】： 中山大学法学理论与法律实践研究中心;中山大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国传统法律思想的形成、演化及其规律”(08BFX006)
【分类号】：D909.2
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本文编号：1905250