美国刑法正当防卫研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 19:38

本文选题：正当防卫 + 自我防卫　；参考：《中国青年政治学院》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 近年来,随着中国刑法理论研究的不断深入,学术界对德国等大陆法系国家的刑法进行了越来越多的研究。而对英美法系国家的刑法研究则相对较少。在刑法理论中,正当防卫的理论具有浓厚的文化底蕴,与一个民族的文化历史背景息息相关。因此,本文借这一主题,通过分析、归纳、比较的研究方法,对美国刑法理论中的正当防卫进行了系统的梳理和分析,以期能为国内美国刑法正当防卫的研究提供相关的资料。本文以《模范刑法典》以及四部州刑法典中的正当防卫的内容为中心,以“法条考察——理论学说”为主线,对美国现行刑法中的正当防卫理论进行考察,以期概括出美国刑法正当防卫的特点以及其对中国刑法正当防卫的可借鉴之处。本文除引言外,共四章,总字数为四万七千余字((包括脚注五千余字)。第一部分为引言。概述了美国刑法中正当防卫的性质、地位并对其种类做了重新界定,为下文的论述作了铺垫。第二部分为自我防卫。在考察五部制定法的基础上,详细研究了自我防卫的构成要件、有关自我防卫的理论学说以及合理性、不完美自我防卫等热点问题。第三部分为防卫他人。在考察五部制定法的基础上,详细研究了防卫他人的历史沿革与认识错误、堕胎等热点问题。第四部分为防卫财产与防卫住宅。在考察五部制定法的基础上,笔者对这一防卫类型的内涵、构成要件以及弹簧枪的使用等热点问题进行了研究。第五部分为中美刑法正当防卫的比较。笔者从该制度在刑法体系中的地位、种类、保护的法益范围、防卫装置、逆防卫等方面进行比较,概括出美国刑法正当防卫的特点以及其对中国刑法正当防卫的可借鉴之处。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of the theory of criminal law in China, more and more researches have been carried out on the criminal law of civil law countries such as Germany. However, the research on the criminal law of common law countries is relatively few. In the theory of criminal law, the theory of justifiable defense has strong cultural background, which is closely related to the cultural and historical background of a nation. Therefore, this paper, through the analysis, induction and comparison of the research methods, systematically combs and analyzes the justifiable defense in the theory of American criminal law, in order to provide relevant information for the study of the legitimate defense of the American criminal law in China. This paper focuses on the contents of the Model Criminal Code and the self-defense in the four state criminal codes, and takes "the investigation of the articles of Law-the Theory of Theory" as the main line to investigate the theory of justifiable defense in the current criminal law of the United States. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the characteristics of the legitimate defense of American criminal law and its reference to the legitimate defense of Chinese criminal law. In addition to the introduction, this paper consists of four chapters, with a total of more than 47000 words (including more than 5, 000 footnotes). The first part is the introduction. This paper summarizes the nature and status of justifiable defense in American criminal law, and redefines its types, which pave the way for the following discussion. The second part is self-defense. Based on the investigation of the five laws, this paper studies in detail the constitutive elements of self-defense, the theory of self-defense, the rationality and imperfect self-defense and other hot issues. The third part is the defense of others. On the basis of the investigation of the five laws, this paper studies in detail the historical evolution, cognitive errors, abortion and other hot issues of defending others. The fourth part is the defense property and the defense house. On the basis of the investigation of the five-part formulation method, the author studies the intension of this defense type, the constitutive elements and the use of the spring gun, and so on. The fifth part is the comparison of legitimate defense between Chinese and American criminal law. The author compares the position, type, scope of legal interests of protection, defense device and inverse defense of the system in the criminal law system, and generalizes the characteristics of the legitimate defense of American criminal law and its reference to the legitimate defense of Chinese criminal law.
【学位授予单位】：中国青年政治学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：DD914;D971.2

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