空想社会主义法律思想探析

发布时间：2018-07-21 09:19

【摘要】： 空想社会主义产生于十六世纪的欧洲,到了十九世纪达到顶峰。在这三百多年间,产生了数十位优秀的思想家,这些思想家们的思想内容经过不断充实,理论不断完善,对资本主义的批判越来越深刻。十九世纪的著名的三大思想家圣西门、傅立叶、欧文将空想社会主义学说发展到最高阶段。空想社会主义学说是人类宝贵的文化遗产,在这其中,关于法律思想的阐述成为他们学说的重要组成部分。本文就空想社会主义者们的法律思想作为研究内容,从立法、执法、司法、守法和法律监督等多个方面进行总结,从而对这些思想的理论意义、现实意义和历史局限加以分析。空想社会主义法律思想体现出思想家们对未来美好社会的追求和憧憬。在他们的构想中,大多数思想家都提出了理想社会应实行生产资料公有制、劳动产品按劳分配或按需分配,另外他们对法律本质的揭露、对平等的主张、对民主制的提倡都是人类法律思想史上宝贵的文化遗产,为马克思恩格斯创立科学社会主义学说提供了思想材料。空想社会主义法律思想中积极的部分可供我们继承和发扬,这也为目前加快建设社会主义法制国家提供了有益的借鉴。虽然这些思想是空想的、无法实现的,但它反映了早期无产阶级先驱者的思想表现。同时,我们也应该清醒地看到其历史局限性。由于他们法律思想的理论基础是唯心的,脱离了现实的物质基础,导致陷入虚幻和空想的误区。
[Abstract]:Utopian socialism emerged in Europe in the 16 th century and reached its peak in the 19 th century. In these three hundred years, dozens of excellent thinkers have been produced. The ideological content of these thinkers has been constantly enriched, the theory has been constantly improved, and the criticism of capitalism has become more and more profound. Saint-Simon, Fourier and Irving, three famous thinkers of the nineteenth century, developed the theory of utopian socialism to the highest stage. The theory of utopian socialism is a precious cultural heritage of mankind, in which the elaboration of legal thought becomes an important part of their theory. This paper summarizes the legal thoughts of utopian socialists from the aspects of legislation, law enforcement, judicature, law-abiding and legal supervision, and analyzes the theoretical significance, practical significance and historical limitation of these thoughts. The legal thought of utopian socialism embodies the thinkers' pursuit and longing for a better society in the future. In their ideas, most thinkers have proposed that the public ownership of the means of production, distribution of labor products according to work or distribution according to demand should be carried out in an ideal society. The promotion of democracy is a valuable cultural heritage in the history of human legal thought, which provides ideological materials for Marx and Engels to establish scientific socialism theory. The positive part of the legal thought of utopian socialism can be inherited and carried forward, which also provides a useful reference for speeding up the construction of the socialist legal state. Although these ideas are utopian and impossible to achieve, they reflect the early proletarian forerunners. At the same time, we should also soberly see its historical limitations. Because the theoretical basis of their legal thought is idealistic, they deviate from the material basis of reality and fall into the false and utopian misunderstanding.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D909.1

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