大陆法在非洲的移植与影响

发布时间：2018-08-25 20:12

【摘要】： 自15世纪以来非洲国家不断的遭受着欧洲国家的侵略与殖民掠夺,以法国为代表的大陆法系国家不断的对非洲大陆进行着“直接统治”,随着欧洲殖民者对非洲殖民化的推进,大陆法也逐渐开始在非洲被移植。大陆法是非洲法律史上的一种重要的外来法,在欧洲殖民者到来之前非洲大陆通行的是非洲各种族的习惯法或伊斯兰教法,这些本土法已经根深蒂固的驻扎在非洲人民的思维逻辑中,由于大陆法与非洲本土法文化存在着质的差异,因此它在非洲的移植经历了曲折、艰难的过程。经过多种途径的本土化动态演变,大陆法与非洲本土法之间不断的产生着摩擦,但又不断的协调着前进,在磨合的发展过程中使得大陆法不断的植入非洲本土法从而对非洲本土法产生重要的影响,原本闭塞落后的本土法不断的接受着新的较为先进的法律理念,就在各殖民地独立之后非洲一些国家的法律还呈现非洲大陆法的特点,因此可以说大陆法系国家进行殖民统治侵略非洲给非洲人民带来灾难的同时,也促使非洲法律发展呈现现代化趋势,使非洲人民接受了新的先进的法律观念。大陆法文化对非洲社会的冲击及其本土化改变了非洲传统的法律并创造了一些更为社会发展需要的法律,使得非洲这一片美丽而神秘的土地的法律发展极富特色,一方面非洲是最早形成法律的地方,由于非洲国家以及部族繁多,因而非洲国家的习惯法比较丰富繁多,另一方面非洲也是最早开始移植外国法并予以本土化的地方,在移植外国法的基础上,非洲法律也获得了很大的发展。在历史的实践中,欧洲大陆法系国家以立法的形式直接的移植其本国法,以限制或者改变非洲本土法的形式以及利用同化的政策来保证移植的法律得以实施,不断的与非洲本土法磨合着并最终逐渐的被本土法,成功的将先进的法律植入非洲大陆。本文的主旨在于在通过再现殖民时期大陆法在非洲移植与影响的动态过程,对这一历史现象进行宏观把握,探讨该移植对非洲法律发展的影响及历史意义,并进而得出一些启示,以求为中国在法治建设道路中移植外国法提供一些可资借鉴的经验。
[Abstract]:Since the 15th century, the African countries have been subjected to the aggression and colonial plunder of the European countries, and the countries of the continental law system, represented by France, have been "directly ruling" the African continent. With the advance of the colonization of Africa by the European colonists, Continental law also gradually began to be transplanted in Africa. Continental law is an important foreign law in the history of African law. Prior to the arrival of the European colonists, the African continent used the customary laws of all African races or sharia law. These local laws are deeply rooted in the thinking logic of the African people. Because of the qualitative difference between the continental law and the African native law culture, the transplantation in Africa has experienced a tortuous and difficult process. Through the dynamic evolution of localization in many ways, there is friction between continental law and African native law, but they continue to advance in harmony. In the course of the development of run-in, the continental law is constantly implanted into the African native law, which has an important impact on the African native law. The originally closed and backward local law is constantly accepting new and more advanced legal concepts. Even after the independence of the colonies, the laws of some African countries also took on the characteristics of the laws of the continent, so it can be said that the colonial domination of the countries of the continental legal system and the aggression against Africa have brought disaster to the African people. It also promotes the development of African law and makes African people accept new advanced legal concepts. The impact of continental legal culture on African society and its localization have changed African traditional laws and created laws that are more necessary for social development, making the legal development of this beautiful and mysterious land of Africa extremely unique. On the one hand, Africa was the first place where laws were formed. Due to the diversity of African countries and tribes, the customary laws of African countries were relatively rich and varied. On the other hand, Africa was also the first place where foreign laws were first transplanted and domesticated. On the basis of transplanting foreign laws, African laws have also made great progress. In the historical practice, the European continental law system countries directly transplant their own laws in the form of legislation, to restrict or change the form of African native law and to use assimilation policies to ensure the implementation of the transplanted laws. With the African native law, and finally gradually by the local law, successful introduction of advanced laws into the African continent. The purpose of this paper is to grasp this historical phenomenon macroscopically through the dynamic process of reproducing the transplantation and influence of continental law in Africa during the colonial period, and to probe into the influence and historical significance of the transplantation on the development of African law. And then some enlightenments are obtained in order to provide some experience for China to transplant foreign laws in the construction of rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D909.9

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