德国破产法“债权人可依法主张的债权实现行为的撤销”及其借鉴

发布时间：2018-08-30 08:42

【摘要】： 现代破产制度是包括破产清算程序与破产和解、破产重整的预防性程序的统一的法律制度体系。而所有这些程序所承载的制度价值得以实现的前提则是破产财产。如无破产财产则无从清算也没有和解重整的意义。所有破产债权人最终面临的命运只能是“破产的破产”。为了防范破产来临之际个别知情的债权人利用破产债务人意思能力陷入困境抢在其他债权人之前实现债权或是破产债务人利用各种合法手段进行财产的转移而掏空破产财产,各国破产法中都规定了破产撤销制度。在破产程序开始后破产执行人通过主张破产撤销权而挽回此类行为带来的破产财产损害。本文对德国破产撤销制度中的核心部分“可依法主张的债权实现行为”的撤销进行了历史性以及系统性的研究,逐项分析了该规范的各构成要件,并对这一制度在德国的司法实践中面临的重要难题“债权的整体转让的撤销”进行了深入的分析。在这一过程中加深了对德国破产法撤销理论的立法经验和立法技术的了解,以期对我国的破产法立法有所助益。本文分为以下几个部分: 第一部分,债权人可依法主张的债权实现行为的撤销制度的系统性及历史性考察。该部分在整个破产撤销制度中定位了可依法主张的债权实现行为的撤销。详细阐述了这一撤销与其他相关制度的区别和联系。并通过研究该制度的历史沿革批判性的总结了德国破产撤销制度的立法经验和立法技术。第二部分,债权人依法主张的债权实现行为的撤销的构成要件。该部分逐项分析了该规范的构成要件,并对相关的重要法律理论进行了探讨。第三部分,债权的整体转让的撤销。该部分分析了多个案例,尝试解决该规范面临的实践难题。第四部分,我国破产法撤销权制度及其完善。该部分对两国相关制度进行了比较,总结了我国破产法理论的不足,并提出了完善的方案。
[Abstract]:Modern bankruptcy system is a unified legal system including bankruptcy liquidation procedure, bankruptcy settlement, bankruptcy reorganization preventive procedure. The premise of the realization of the institutional value of all these procedures is the bankruptcy estate. Without bankruptcy property, there is no liquidation and no meaning of settlement and reorganization. The ultimate fate of all bankrupt creditors is bankruptcy. In order to prevent a situation in which an individual creditor with knowledge of the insolvency is in trouble using the will of the bankrupt debtor to obtain the claim before the other creditors or the bankrupt debtor using various legal means to carry out the transfer of the property and emptying the bankruptcy estate, The bankruptcy revocation system is stipulated in the bankruptcy laws of all countries. After the commencement of the bankruptcy proceedings, the bankruptcy executor restores the damage caused by such actions by claiming the right to rescind bankruptcy. This paper makes a historical and systematic study on the revocation of the core part of the German bankruptcy revocation system, "the act of realizing the creditor's rights that can be claimed according to law", and analyzes the constituent elements of the criterion one by one. This paper also makes a deep analysis of the important difficult problem in the judicial practice of Germany, namely the revocation of the whole transfer of creditor's rights. In this process, it deepens the legislative experience and the legislative technology of the theory of bankruptcy law revocation in Germany, in order to be helpful to the legislation of bankruptcy law in our country. This paper is divided into the following parts: the first part, the systematic and historical investigation of the revocation system of creditor's rights. In the whole bankruptcy revocation system, this part defines the revocation of claims which can be claimed according to law. The difference and relation between this revocation and other related systems are expounded in detail. By studying the history of the system, the author summarizes the legislative experience and the legislative technology of the bankruptcy revocation system in Germany. The second part, the constitutive elements of the revocation of the creditor's rights according to law. In this part, the constituent elements of the criterion are analyzed item by item, and the relevant important legal theories are discussed. The third part, the revocation of the whole assignment of creditor's rights. This part analyzes several cases and tries to solve the practical problems faced by the specification. The fourth part, our country bankruptcy law annulment right system and its consummation. This part compares the relevant systems of the two countries, summarizes the shortcomings of the bankruptcy law theory of our country, and puts forward the perfect scheme.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D951.6;DD912.29

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