法律仪式研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 19:03

【摘要】：法律仪式作为仪式的一种特殊类型,它是存在于法律规范运行的过程中表征着一定法律意义的仪式的总称。法律仪式作为社会文明发展的符号象征,行为的一种固定模式,社会价值的独特话语系统以及社会的经历和经验表述,在某种程度上反应了一个国家法治的基本精神而貌。遵从基本的法律仪式,有利于树立公正、公平的良好法律形象；有利于树立法律权威；有利于培养公民对法律的基本认可,增强公民对法律的信任；有利于推动法治国家建设的进程。西方法律仪式源于宗教,并与宗教水乳交融。公民对宗教的信仰促成其对法律的信赖与信仰,法律权威根深公民内心。中国传统的法律仪式与古代的“礼”、“仪”密切相连,其仪式内容亦较为丰富。制度化了的法律仪式与非制度化了的法律仪式是我国现存的法律仪式两种主要形式。法袍、法槌等诸多制度化了的法律仪式源自于近现代对西方法律制度的引进；非制度化的法律仪式主要体现在民间习惯法中,特别是少数民族习惯法中的一些法律仪式表现尤为明显。中国法律仪式因经历了清末修律、废除国民党“六法全书”以及“破四旧”运动后,仪式传承出现断层,仪式资源也多数被破坏。改革开放后我国的法治建设重心很长一段时间集中于制度建设而忽视法律文明的发展。在这双重原因的作用下,导致我国对于法律仪式的重视,无论是从理念上还是制度上,都略显不足。现代法律仪式不仅仅是法律制度中的一项内容,作为法治精神意蕴的表达媒介,其本身与法律制度以及法律文化相融合,并在一定程度上促进法治文明的发展。因此,完善我国现有的法律仪式,使其发挥应有的社会效应,应当构建证人宣誓制度填补我国现有法律仪式内容的空白；重视法律仪式参与者,尤其是法官在其理念和实际工作中对于法律仪式的认识及完善；注重法律仪式教育,培养优秀的法律人才。
[Abstract]:As a special type of ritual, legal ceremony is the general term of ritual which exists in the course of the operation of legal norms and represents a certain legal significance. As a symbol of the development of social civilization, legal ceremony is a fixed mode of behavior, a unique discourse system of social value, and the expression of social experience and experience, which to some extent reflects the basic spirit and appearance of a country's rule of law. Following the basic law ceremony is conducive to the establishment of a fair and fair legal image, to the establishment of legal authority, to the cultivation of citizens' basic recognition of the law and to the enhancement of citizens' trust in the law. It is conducive to promoting the process of building a country ruled by law. Western legal rites originated from religion and mingled with religion. Citizens' faith in religion leads to their trust and belief in law, and the authority of law is deeply rooted in citizens' hearts. Chinese traditional legal rites are closely related to ancient "rites" and "rites", and their ritual contents are also relatively rich. The institutionalized legal ceremony and the non-institutionalized legal ceremony are the two main forms of the existing legal ritual in China. Many institutionalized legal ceremonies, such as robes and gavel, originated from the introduction of western legal systems in modern times, and non-institutionalized legal ceremonies were mainly embodied in folk customary law. Especially in the customary law of ethnic minorities, some of the legal rituals are particularly evident. After the law ceremony in China experienced the law revision in the late Qing Dynasty and the abolition of the KMT's "six laws" and "breaking the four old" movements, the ritual inheritance appeared a fault, and most of the ritual resources were destroyed. After the reform and opening up, the construction of the rule of law in our country focuses on the construction of the system for a long time, but neglects the development of the legal civilization. Under this dual reason, our country pays attention to the legal ceremony, whether from the concept or the system, are slightly inadequate. The modern legal ceremony is not only a content of the legal system, but also a medium of expressing the spirit of the rule of law, which is integrated with the legal system and legal culture, and promotes the development of the civilization of the rule of law to a certain extent. Therefore, in order to perfect the existing legal ceremony in our country and make it play its due social effect, we should construct the witness oath system to fill in the blank of the existing legal ceremony in our country, and attach importance to the participants in the legal ceremony. In particular, the judges know and perfect the legal ceremony in their concept and practical work, pay attention to the education of legal ceremony and train outstanding legal talents.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D920.0

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