清“冒破物料”律与工程管理制度

发布时间：2019-01-14 08:02

【摘要】：所谓“冒破物料”,一般而言是指在公事修造过程中,工匠、主管官吏侵欺物料,虚数开报或督察官吏知情扶同,怠慢误事。但由于“冒破物料”是一个立法概念,所以随着立法所赋予其在内容和范围上的变化,其内涵也是处于变化之中的。“冒破物料”是清代工程兴建中的一大积弊,大至宫室坛庙的兴建、堤坝道桥的修筑,小到通稍架木的贮存、细琐物料的采买,“冒破”都是一种极为普遍的现象。清初的几部律典承袭了《明律》中关于“冒破物料罪”的规定,并有所增删。乾隆五年(1740)修订《大清律例》,对清前期关于“冒破物料罪”的增例进行了整合修订,形成了《清律》中关于“冒破物料罪”立法的基本构架,此后虽稍有增损,终无大变。本文试对清“冒破物料”律的历史迁革进行考证,对其所附条例逐一追述,分析其变化发展的背景和原因,是对“冒破物料罪”进行静态分析。本文还将通过清代“冒破物料”现象来分阶段的考察“冒破物料”律例的实施状况,是对其进行动态的考察。本文的结构大致由这样几部分组成：第一章,绪论,主要介绍本文的研究对象与范围、研究意义与目的、国内外研究现状、研究思路和所使用的史料；第二章,从宏观的角度考察“冒破物料”律历史迁革的大致情形。对“冒破物料”律所附的九条条例逐一进行分析,考察其发展演变的背景与原因;第三章,对清代工程管理制度进行详细的考察,重点探讨料估与奏销制度；第四章,对清代“冒破物料”律例的实施状况进行考察；最后对清代“冒破物料”律例的发展及实施进行反思与评析。
[Abstract]:The so-called "broken material" generally means that in the process of official repairs, craftsmen and officials in charge bully materials, open false reports or inspectors know to help them, and neglect and delay. However, as the concept of "broken material" is a legislative concept, its connotation is also in the process of change with the change of content and scope given by the legislation. "broken material" is a major drawback in the construction of the Qing Dynasty project. It is a very common phenomenon for the construction of the temple of the palace room, the construction of the dike and the bridge, the storage of the small pieces of wood, the purchase of small materials, and the "breaking". In the beginning of Qing Dynasty, several codes inherited the regulation of "breaking materials" in Ming Law, and added and deleted it. Qianlong revised the Qing Law in the past five years (1740), consolidated and revised the increase in the crime of breaking materials in the early part of the Qing Dynasty, and formed the basic framework of the legislation on "the crime of breaking materials" in the "Qing Law". There has been no great change. This article tries to make textual research on the history of the law of "breaking through materials" in Qing Dynasty, tracing the attached regulations one by one, and analyzing the background and reasons of its change and development, which is the static analysis of "the crime of breaking materials". Through the phenomenon of "breaking materials" in the Qing Dynasty, this paper will investigate the implementation of the laws and regulations of "broken materials" in stages, and make a dynamic investigation on them. The structure of this paper consists of the following parts: the first chapter, introduction, mainly introduces the research object and scope, research significance and purpose, domestic and foreign research status, research ideas and historical materials used; The second chapter, from the macro point of view, to examine the law of "broken materials" history of the general situation. The article analyzes the nine regulations attached to the "broken Materials" law one by one, investigates the background and reasons of its development and evolution. Chapter three makes a detailed investigation on the management system of the project in the Qing Dynasty, with emphasis on the system of material evaluation and sale. In the fourth chapter, the author inspects the implementation of the "broken materials" in Qing Dynasty, and finally rethinks and comments on the development and implementation of the "broken materials" in Qing Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D929;D924.3

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