拉德布鲁赫相对主义法哲学思想研究

发布时间：2019-03-23 15:27

【摘要】：拉德布鲁赫是德国20世纪最伟大的、影响最为深远的法哲学家和刑法学家之一。作为新康德主义海德堡学派在法哲学领域的重要代表人物，他以新康德主义哲学为基础，继承并发扬新康德主义法学传统，开拓出相对主义法哲学思想。拉德布鲁赫提出相对主义法哲学思想的目的在于，克服自然法学派的绝对价值主义的学派立场，及分析实证主义法学的绝对实证主义的学派立场，进而，探索出一条走向和解与宽容的法哲学路径。但是，拉德布鲁赫对传统法哲学理论进行革新的学术努力，似乎并未得到应有的认可，其在二战前后所显示的“学术转向问题”，更引来许多的议论。有些人认为，拉德布鲁赫的学术努力是对自然法学说的复兴；有些人则坚持认为，拉德布鲁赫是一贯的和坚定的法律实证主义的拥趸；还有些人认为，拉德布鲁赫的相对主义法哲学思想并没有贡献知识增量，且其法哲学思想内部充满矛盾，甚至难以自圆其说。那么，应该怎样解读拉德布鲁赫相对主义法哲学思想？拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想的真实面目是怎样的？其法哲学思想的特质有哪些？其法哲学思想的重要意义又有哪些方面？等，文章意图对这些问题进行探讨。文章将从六个部分，依次展开对相关问题的论述：引论部分，简要地概述文章问题意识的缘起，并对关于拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想研究的国内外学术状况，进行必要的梳理，提炼出写作文章时可发挥的学术空间；同时，对写作论文的研究方法做出简单地说明。第一部分，针对拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想的理论基础，进行介绍，其中包括两部分：哲学基础和法学基础。并据此指出，其法哲学思想提出之初，，便以克服法哲学领域的自然法学与分析实证主义法学之争，开拓法哲学研究的“第三条路径”为目的。第二部分，主要阐述开启拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想的“钥匙”——相对主义的法学方法论。本部分内容分为两个方面：其一、阐明作为方法论意义上的相对主义的具体含义；其二、具体分析相对主义法学方法论产生的原因，及其所带来的重要意义。第三部分，具体剖析拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想的主要内容，具体来说，分为两个部分：静态分析和动态分析。在静态分析部分，集中地对其法哲学思想体系进行解构，对其法哲学思想所涉及到的重要概念（包括它们的含义、相互关系等）进行厘析，从而，揭示拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想的内在张力与和谐；在动态分析部分，将主要针对所谓的“拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想转向问题“进行深入解读。通过比较分析得出，在二战前后，拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想实际上呈现出一致性与变革性相统一的重要特点。进而，指出其所谓的“学术转向问题”并不存在，“法律的不法”与“超法律的法”的提出，只是实践其理论的一种表现，和其“三元法哲学“体系话语的另一种展示。第四部分，承接着第三部分，进一步地阐述拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想的特质，并在此基础上，指出其法哲学思想给人们带来的启示，即重要的理论意义与实践意义。首先，指出拉德布鲁赫法哲学思想作为一种相对主义法哲学，为法哲学相关问题的研究开拓出新视角、新路径，其思想内在地包含着理性思考和宽容精神；且为事实和价值间紧张关系的缓解，提供了一种高明的方法论。其次，将法治国家建设的实践与拉德布鲁赫的法哲学思想相联系，指出其思想在德国法治国建设中所起到的重要作用。结语部分，再次检视本文的写作缘由和意义，对作者的观点做进一步地强调。
[Abstract]:Radbroch is one of the greatest and most influential French philosophers and criminal jurists in the 20th century of Germany. As an important representative in the field of law philosophy, the Heidelberg School of the new Kantian doctrine, based on the neo-Kantian philosophy, inherited and developed the tradition of the neo-Kantian theory and opened up the philosophy of relativism. The purpose of Radbroch's philosophy of relativism is to overcome the school's position of the absolute value of the natural law school and to analyze the school's position of the absolute positivism of positivism. But Radbroch's academic efforts to innovate the traditional philosophy of philosophy seem to have not been duly recognized, and the "academic steering" that it had shown before and after the Second World War led to a lot of discussion. Some people believe that the academic efforts of the Radbroch are the revival of the natural law theory; others insist that the Radbroch is a consistent and firm legal positivism, and some believe that, The philosophy of relativism in Radbroch does not contribute to the increment of knowledge, and the interior of his method of law is full of contradictions, and it is even difficult to say. So, how should the philosophy of the Radbrooke's relativism approach be interpreted? What is the true nature of Radbroch's philosophy? What are the characteristics of the philosophy of the law? What is the important meaning of its philosophy of law? The article is intended to explore these problems. The article will, from six parts, expand the theory of the related problems in turn The paper: The introduction part, briefly outlines the origin of the issue consciousness of the article, and makes the necessary research on the academic situation at home and abroad on the study of the Radbroch's philosophy. The academic space that can be played when the article is written, and the research method of the writing paper is simple. The first part, which is based on the theoretical basis of the philosophy of the Radbroch method, includes two parts: the base of philosophy. On the basis of the law, the author points out that, at the beginning of the philosophy of law, it can overcome the dispute between the natural law and the positivism in the field of law philosophy, and explore the "Article 3Path" for the purpose. The second part mainly describes the "key" _ relative principal of the thought of opening the Radbroch's philosophy. The content of this part is divided into two aspects: one is the specific meaning of relativism in the sense of methodology; secondly, the reason of the methodological development of relativism is analyzed in detail, and the result The third part, in particular, analyzes the main contents of the Drouge's philosophy, in particular, it is divided into two parts: The static analysis and dynamic analysis, in the static analysis part, deconstructs the legal philosophy system of the law, and analyses the important concepts involved in the philosophy of the law, including their meaning, mutual relation, etc. In the dynamic analysis part, we will mainly focus on the so-called "On the steering of the radio" is an in-depth interpretation. By means of the comparative analysis, the Radbroch's philosophy of philosophy, before and after the Second World War, is in fact consistent and changing. In addition, it is pointed out that the so-called "academic steering" does not exist, the "the lawlessness of the law" and the "the law of ultra-law" are put forward, but only one of the performance of its theory and its "three-way philosophy" The fourth part, in the third part of the bearing, further expounds the characteristics of the philosophy of the Radbroch's law, and on the basis of this, points out the enlightenment of the philosophy of the law to the people, that is, the weight. In the first part, it is pointed out that the thought of Radbroch's philosophy is a relativism and the study of the related problems of law philosophy has developed a new visual angle and a new path, and its thought inherently contains the spirit of rational thinking and tolerance; and it is the fact and the relationship between the value and the value, This paper provides a good methodology. Secondly, the practice of building the rule of law in the state of the rule of law is in contact with the legal philosophy of the Radbroch, and it is pointed out that the thought of the country is governed by the German law. The important role played in the construction of this paper is to review the reason and meaning of the writing in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D90

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