“中国式过马路”现象的实证研究
发布时间：2019-05-11 16:00
【摘要】：行人闯红灯的现象在日常生活中一直普遍存在，由于网上有人将这种行为称作“中国式过马路”，引起了全社会的共鸣，，进而引发了媒体和社会舆论关于国民素质和道路交通安全的讨论。“中国式过马路”现象不属于道德范畴的问题，而是应该在法律范畴内研究解决方法。为了彻底解决“中国式过马路”问题，本文在北京市选取了几个典型的道路交叉口进行实地观察，对行人以问卷的方式进行调查访问，并在调查结果的基础上运用法学基本理论和法经济学理论进行分析。 本文总结问卷调查的结果后发现，“中国式过马路”现象具有普遍性、广泛性、集聚性、随意性、违法性和合理性等特征。在总结上述特征的基础上，本文进一步从公民有法不依、执法机关执法不严和违法不究三个方面分析了“中国式过马路”现象出现的原因。此外，“中国式过马路”现象的危害性也主要体现在不利于公民守法精神的培养、破坏法律权威和损害法律的公正性这三个方面。 法经济学创造性地在法学研究中引入经济学理论，成为一门独立的交叉性学科，为研究“中国式过马路”现象提供了独特的研究视角和研究方法。本文首先从个体主义方法论、成本——收益分析方法、均衡分析和环境相关性四个方面完整的阐述了法经济学的理论基础——理性选择理论体系。然后以行人个体为研究对象，运用理性选择理论分析“中国式过马路”现象，得出由于路权分配不合理、付出成本过低以及从众效应的影响，其存在具有一定的合理性。 尽管“中国式过马路”现象的存在具有合理性，但合理性并不代表其具有正当性和合法性。因此，我们必须运用法治思维，在完善立法、促进公民守法和严格执法等方面采取措施彻底消除这种现象。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of pedestrians running red lights has always been common in daily life, because some people on the Internet call this kind of behavior "Chinese road crossing", which resonates with the whole society. Then it triggered the discussion of national quality and road traffic safety in the media and public opinion. The phenomenon of "Chinese road crossing" does not belong to the moral category, but should be studied in the scope of law. In order to completely solve the problem of "Chinese road crossing", this paper selects several typical road intersections in Beijing for field observation, and investigates and visits pedestrians by questionnaire. On the basis of the investigation results, the basic theory of law and the theory of law and economics are used to analyze. After summing up the results of the questionnaire survey, this paper finds that the phenomenon of "Chinese road crossing" has the characteristics of universality, agglomeration, arbitrariness, illegality and rationality. On the basis of summing up the above characteristics, this paper further analyzes the causes of the phenomenon of "Chinese crossing the road" from three aspects: citizens' lack of compliance with the law, lax enforcement of the law by law enforcement agencies and non-investigation of violations of the law. In addition, the harmfulness of the phenomenon of "Chinese crossing the road" is mainly reflected in three aspects: it is not conducive to the cultivation of citizens' spirit of abiding by the law, destroying the authority of the law and damaging the fairness of the law. The creative introduction of economic theory into the study of law has become an independent interdisciplinary subject, which provides a unique research perspective and research method for the study of the phenomenon of "Chinese crossing the road". This paper first expounds the theoretical basis of law and economics-rational choice theory system from four aspects: individualism methodology, cost-benefit analysis method, equilibrium analysis and environmental correlation. Then, taking the pedestrian individual as the research object, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of "Chinese road crossing" by using the theory of rational choice, and concludes that the existence of the phenomenon is reasonable because of the unreasonable distribution of road rights, the low cost and the effect of conformity. Although the existence of "Chinese road crossing" phenomenon is reasonable, rationality does not mean that it has legitimacy and legitimacy. Therefore, we must use the thinking of the rule of law to completely eliminate this phenomenon in perfecting legislation, promoting citizens to abide by the law and strictly enforce the law.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D920.4
本文编号：2474639
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of pedestrians running red lights has always been common in daily life, because some people on the Internet call this kind of behavior "Chinese road crossing", which resonates with the whole society. Then it triggered the discussion of national quality and road traffic safety in the media and public opinion. The phenomenon of "Chinese road crossing" does not belong to the moral category, but should be studied in the scope of law. In order to completely solve the problem of "Chinese road crossing", this paper selects several typical road intersections in Beijing for field observation, and investigates and visits pedestrians by questionnaire. On the basis of the investigation results, the basic theory of law and the theory of law and economics are used to analyze. After summing up the results of the questionnaire survey, this paper finds that the phenomenon of "Chinese road crossing" has the characteristics of universality, agglomeration, arbitrariness, illegality and rationality. On the basis of summing up the above characteristics, this paper further analyzes the causes of the phenomenon of "Chinese crossing the road" from three aspects: citizens' lack of compliance with the law, lax enforcement of the law by law enforcement agencies and non-investigation of violations of the law. In addition, the harmfulness of the phenomenon of "Chinese crossing the road" is mainly reflected in three aspects: it is not conducive to the cultivation of citizens' spirit of abiding by the law, destroying the authority of the law and damaging the fairness of the law. The creative introduction of economic theory into the study of law has become an independent interdisciplinary subject, which provides a unique research perspective and research method for the study of the phenomenon of "Chinese crossing the road". This paper first expounds the theoretical basis of law and economics-rational choice theory system from four aspects: individualism methodology, cost-benefit analysis method, equilibrium analysis and environmental correlation. Then, taking the pedestrian individual as the research object, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of "Chinese road crossing" by using the theory of rational choice, and concludes that the existence of the phenomenon is reasonable because of the unreasonable distribution of road rights, the low cost and the effect of conformity. Although the existence of "Chinese road crossing" phenomenon is reasonable, rationality does not mean that it has legitimacy and legitimacy. Therefore, we must use the thinking of the rule of law to completely eliminate this phenomenon in perfecting legislation, promoting citizens to abide by the law and strictly enforce the law.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D920.4
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