论公司成立前交易责任的归属

发布时间：2018-09-09 20:35

【摘要】：在现代社会纷繁复杂的社会生活中，设立中的公司不可避免地会与其他主体发生法律关系。在《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国公司法〉若干问题的规定（三）》中，对该问题作出了规定，由成立后的公司当然继受设立中公司与设立公司有关的行为的法律后果。对于公司成立前交易的复杂程度而言，这样笼统简略的规定无疑存在着不合理之处。笔者立足于从“资本三原则”出发，来解答设立中公司所为的公司成立前交易的责任归属问题，本文除引言和结语外共四个部分，分别是：第一部分是对国内外关于公司成立前交易责任归属问题的探讨。该部分通过比较分析德国、美国以及我国法学界和实务界做法的异同以揭示出各自做法的缺陷，，为笔者的研究奠定基础。第二部分是对公司成立前交易的概述。该部分明确了公司设立行为的性质，即发起人为促使公司取得法人资格而为的一种合同行为。并对设立中公司的内部关系和外部关系进行了剖析，能够更直观地展示出设立中公司所为的公司成立前交易的情况。界定了公司成立前交易的范围，将公司成立前交易分为必要交易和非必要交易，必要交易和非必要交易的责任承担不同，为第三部分的责任分担问题的阐释做前期准备。第三部分是笔者对公司成立前交易问题责任归属的见解。这部分内容探讨了两个问题，首先分析了发起人以发起人、设立中公司和将成立的公司的名义对外与第三人签订的合同的效力问题。然后立足于“资本三原则”，形成笔者对公司成立前交易问题责任归属的见解，试图为实践中解决该类问题提供一些思路。
[Abstract]:In the complicated social life of modern society, the establishment of the company will inevitably have legal relations with other subjects. In the provisions of the Supreme people's Court concerning the application of the Company Law of the people's Republic of China, The legal consequences of the actions of the incorporated company in relation to the incorporation of the company are, of course, subsequent to the incorporation of the company. For the complexity of pre-establishment transactions, there is no doubt that such a general and brief stipulation is unreasonable. Based on the "three principles of Capital", the author answers the responsibility attribution of the pre-establishment transaction of the company in the establishment of the company. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, there are four parts in this paper. They are as follows: the first part discusses the attribution of the transaction liability before the establishment of the company at home and abroad. Through comparative analysis of the similarities and differences between the German, American and Chinese jurists and practitioners, this part reveals the defects of their respective practices and lays a foundation for the author's research. The second part is an overview of the company's pre-establishment transactions. This part clarifies the nature of the establishment of the company, that is, the initiator to promote the company to obtain legal personality and a contractual act. It also analyzes the internal and external relations of the established company, which can show more intuitively the situation of the pre-establishment transaction of the established company. This paper defines the scope of pre-establishment transaction, divides the pre-establishment transaction into necessary transaction and non-essential transaction, and takes on different responsibilities between essential transaction and non-essential transaction, so as to prepare for the interpretation of the third part of the problem of liability sharing. The third part is the author's opinion on the responsibility attribution of the transaction before the establishment of the company. In this part, two problems are discussed. Firstly, the validity of the contract signed by the sponsor, the established company and the third party in the name of the sponsor, the company being established and the company to be established is analyzed. Then based on the "three principles of Capital", the author formed the author's opinion on the responsibility attribution of the transaction problem before the establishment of the company, and tried to provide some ideas for solving this kind of problem in practice.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.291.91;D923.6

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