有限责任公司受压制股东权利救济研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 16:56

【摘要】：有限责任公司是现代公司的一种重要的形式,因为其独特的优越性,从其产生到现在,一直都受到投资者的青睐。有限责任公司的股东不仅是以相互间的信任组成公司的,而且还以其出资对外承担责任,因此有限责任公司不仅具有人合性还有资合性,由此可见股东间的相互信任和合作对公司的发展是至关重要的。但是市场千变万化,股东之间的各种矛盾是不可避免的,在公司实务当中,公司的计划决议往往是由在公司中占绝大多数股份的股东所控制,而其余股东却没有太多的“发言权”,受到了其他股东的压制。因此当公司中存在股东滥用权利的情形时,应当有一种行之有效的制度来维护受压制股东的权益。面对这个问题,我们应当让那些受压制的股东顺利的退出公司,这样就能在一定程度上保护受压制股东的利益。但是我国的《公司法》对于股东退出规则的规定只有一条,而且比较简单,对于复杂的公司实践来说,仍存在着许多缺陷。因此为了保护受压制股东的利益,让其顺利的退出公司,应当不断完善我国公司法上有关受压制股东权利救济的相关制度。首先,文章以公司契约理论、衡平理论以及利益相关者理论为基础,对有限责任公司股东退出机制的价值进行了阐述；其次,主要研究了德国司法判例中基于“重大事由”的股东退出机制以及美国的异议股东的股份收买请求权制度,简单介绍了国外其他各国的相关法律规定,并对德国和美国的股东退出机制进行了比较和分析,从中寻找两国在股东退出机制上的经验和优点以及对我国的借鉴意义；然后从我国《公司法》关于股东退出机制的相关规定出发,分析我国法律有关股东退出机制的规定有哪些不足之处；最后在借鉴国外在股东退出机制的先进经验的基础上,从股东退出规则适用的条件、适用的主体、股权价格的确定以及适用的限制等方面对我国的股东退出机制的不足之处提出针对性的建议,完善我国的股东受压制股东权利救济制度。
[Abstract]:Limited liability company is an important form of modern company, because of its unique superiority, from its emergence to the present, has been favored by investors. But the market is changing, and all kinds of contradictions among shareholders are inevitable. In the company practice, the company's plan decisions are often controlled by the majority of shareholders in the company, while the other shareholders are. There are not too many "voices" which are suppressed by other shareholders. Therefore, when there is abuse of rights by shareholders in a company, there should be an effective system to safeguard the rights and interests of suppressed shareholders. However, there is only one stipulation in the Company Law of China concerning the withdrawal rules of shareholders, and it is relatively simple. There are still many defects in the complicated company practice. The relevant system to suppress the relief of shareholders' rights.
Firstly, based on company contract theory, equity theory and stakeholder theory, the paper expounds the value of shareholder withdrawal mechanism of limited liability company; secondly, it mainly studies the shareholder withdrawal mechanism based on "major cause" in German judicial precedents and the system of the right of demurring shareholders to buy shares in the United States, and briefly introduces the system of demurring shareholders to withdraw from the system. This paper introduces the relevant laws and regulations of other foreign countries, and compares and analyzes the shareholder withdrawal mechanism of Germany and the United States, in order to find out the experience and advantages of the two countries in the shareholder withdrawal mechanism and the reference significance for our country; then, starting from the relevant provisions of the Company Law of China on the shareholder withdrawal mechanism, it analyzes the law of our country. What are the shortcomings of the relevant provisions of the law on shareholders'withdrawal mechanism? Finally, on the basis of drawing lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries in the withdrawal mechanism of shareholders, this paper puts forward some pertinent suggestions on the shortcomings of the withdrawal mechanism of shareholders in China in terms of the applicable conditions of the rules, the applicable subjects, the determination of the share price and the applicable restrictions. It is suggested to perfect the relief system for shareholders' suppressed shareholder rights in China.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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