系统功能途径下英语法律语篇语法隐喻研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 14:52

【摘要】：自从韩礼德于1985年在其《功能语法导论》一书中提出“语法隐喻”的理论,许多语言学家和学者都对语法隐喻产生了极大的兴趣,并对语法隐喻的进一步研究做出了很大贡献。语言学家对科技语篇和历史语篇中的语法隐喻现象都进行了大量的研究。但是,很少有研究能从系统功能语法的角度对法律语篇进行语法隐喻研究。另外,中国的法律英语研究还处于起始阶段。许多对法律英语的研究还仅仅停留在词汇语法和文体特点上。因此,本文试图从功能语法的角度来分析英语法律语篇语法隐喻的特点。本文基于系统功能语言学的理论框架,分析了约14000字的英语法律文本,其中包括《人权宣言》(1998),《刑事公正法》(2003),《公司法》(2004),《刑事诉讼法》(1996),《金融服务与市场法》(2000),《地方政府法》(2003)和《美国宪法》。受到篇幅和时间的限制,作者仅对每部法律的前十条条文进行了语法隐喻分析。本文以韩礼德重新分类的13类语法隐喻(1996)作为辨别语法隐喻的标准。在分析语料时分了两步：首先,作者进行了定量研究以说明在英语法律语篇中是否大量存在语法隐喻。然后,作者又进行了定性研究以分析说明英语法律语篇中语法隐喻的主要特点和功能。通过对所选定的英语法律语篇进行语法隐喻分析,本文得出以下结论： (1)作为一类典型的成人书面语篇,法律语篇里存在着大量的语法隐喻。法律语篇中的语法隐喻给许多试图研究法律的非专业人士带来了很大困难。法律语篇中的语法隐喻增加了法律语言的复杂性。 (2)在英语法律语篇中,除了名词化,还大量存在着形容词化以及从“实体”到“扩展”的语法隐喻模式。 (3)隐喻式的语言实现形式要比和它们相对应的一致式的语言实现形式更为复杂。隐喻式中高度压缩的语法结构和词汇密度的增加导致了法律语言的难度。 (4)作者分析发现英语法律语篇语法隐喻有三大功能：即压缩功能,话语功能和意识形态功能。本文的分析也进一步证明了从系统功能途径来进行语篇分析的可行性。然而,由于受到语料范围和时间的限制,本研究只分析了英语法律语篇中的语法隐喻现象,未来研究可以对汉语法律语篇中的语法隐喻现象进行分析,还可以进行英汉对比研究,以找到英汉法律语篇语法隐喻方面的异同。希望本研究能对未来的研究起到抛砖引玉的作用,使这方面的研究有更大的发展。
[Abstract]:Since Halliday put forward the theory of grammatical metaphor in his introduction to functional Grammar in 1985, many linguists and scholars have had great interest in grammatical metaphor and have made great contributions to the further study of grammatical metaphor. Linguists have done a great deal of research on grammatical metaphor in both scientific and historical discourse. However, there are few studies on grammatical metaphor in legal texts from the perspective of systemic functional grammar. In addition, the study of legal English in China is still in its infancy. Many studies on legal English only focus on lexical grammar and stylistic features. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyze the features of grammatical metaphor in English legal discourse from the perspective of functional grammar. Based on the theoretical framework of systemic functional linguistics, this paper analyzes about 14000 words of English legal texts. These include the Declaration of Human Rights (1998), the Criminal Justice Act (2003), the Company Law (2004), the Code of Criminal procedure (1996), the Financial Services and Markets Act (2000), the Local Government Act (2003) and the Constitution of the United States. Due to the limitation of space and time, the author makes a grammatical metaphorical analysis of the first ten articles of each law. This paper uses Halliday's 13 categories of grammatical metaphors (1996) as the criteria for identifying grammatical metaphors. There are two steps in the analysis of the corpus. Firstly, the author makes a quantitative study to illustrate whether there are a large number of grammatical metaphors in English legal texts. Then the author makes a qualitative study to illustrate the main features and functions of grammatical metaphor in English legal discourse. Based on the grammatical metaphor analysis of the selected English legal discourse, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) as a typical adult written discourse, there are a large number of grammatical metaphors in legal discourse. Grammatical metaphors in legal discourse pose great difficulties for many lay people trying to study law. Grammatical metaphor in legal discourse increases the complexity of legal language. (2) in English legal discourse, except nominalization; There are also a lot of grammatical metaphorical patterns from "entity" to "extension". (3) the language realization of metaphorical form is more complex than that of consistent language realization form corresponding to them. The increase of highly compressed grammatical structure and lexical density in metaphorical style leads to the difficulty of legal language. (4) the author finds that grammatical metaphor in English legal discourse has three functions: compression function, discourse function and ideological function. The analysis of this paper further proves the feasibility of text analysis from a systemic functional approach. However, due to the limitation of the scope and time of the corpus, the present study only analyzes the grammatical metaphor phenomenon in English legal discourse, and the future research can analyze the grammatical metaphor phenomenon in Chinese legal discourse. A contrastive study of English and Chinese can also be carried out to find the similarities and differences between English and Chinese legal discourse grammatical metaphors. It is hoped that this study will play an important role in the future research.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：H315

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