有限责任公司隐名股东法律纠纷解决机制探析

发布时间：2018-10-10 18:29

【摘要】：公司是世界范围内最为重要的企业形式,它所涉及的利益主体众多,法律关系复杂,且承担了极为重大的社会责任。公司关系不稳定,极易产生大量的诉讼和社会问题。而有限责任公司是一种人合性较强的公司,在公司关系的稳定性上有更严格的要求。隐名股东的大量出现,对有限责任公司的安全、有效运作产生了很大影响。隐名股东出现的原因多样,对隐名股东的界定学界也有分歧。在本文中,笔者将隐名股东定义为,实际出资认购股份,但委托他人代为显名持有,而未被股东名册、公司章程或工商登记等公司登记文件记载为公司股东的人。它的出现有当事人出于规避与非规避法律、法规两种意图。对涉及隐名股东法律纠纷的解决,首先,学界对隐名股东资格的认定形成了四种主要学说,分别是实质说、形式说、实际控制人说、区别说。其中笔者更倾向于形式说。另外我国现有法律并未对隐名股东作出明确规定,仅有《公司法司法解释三》有相应的条文。内容主要涉及：隐名出资的有效性、名义股东私自处分股权的有效性及瑕疵隐名出资时的责任承担。除此之外,还有部分高级人民法院作出了专门规定。然而,由于现有规范的缺陷,现有的规范并不能彻底的解决隐名股东的问题。因此,本文试在隐名股东基本理论研究的基础上,在现有规范的指引下,通过对涉及隐名股东法律纠纷的理论现状及立法现状进行评析,结合指导该类纠纷的原则及减少该类纠纷的预防措施,以期从各角度出发,更好的解决隐名股东法律纠纷的问题。
[Abstract]:The company is the most important enterprise form in the world. It involves many main bodies of interest, the legal relationship is complex, and it bears the extremely important social responsibility. Company relation is unstable, easy to produce a large number of litigation and social problems. The limited liability company is a kind of company with strong personality, which has more strict requirements on the stability of the company relationship. The emergence of anonymous shareholders has a great impact on the safety and effective operation of limited liability companies. Hidden shareholders appear for a variety of reasons, the definition of dormant shareholders also has differences. In this paper, the author defines the dormant shareholder as the person who actually subscribes to the shares, but entrusts others to hold them on behalf of others, but is not recorded as the shareholder in the register of shareholders, the articles of association or the company registration documents such as industrial and commercial registration. The appearance of it has two kinds of intention: circumvention and non-circumvention laws and regulations. For the settlement of legal disputes involving dormant shareholders, first of all, the academic circles have formed four main theories on the qualification of dormant shareholders, namely, substantive theory, form theory, actual controller theory, and difference theory. The author is more inclined to the formal theory. In addition, the existing law of our country does not make explicit provisions for the dormant shareholders, only the Company Law interpretation III has the corresponding provisions. The content mainly involves: the effectiveness of anonymous capital contribution, the validity of nominal shareholder's private disposition of equity and the responsibility of defective anonymous contribution. In addition, some higher people's courts have made special provisions. However, due to the defects of the existing norms, the existing norms can not completely solve the problem of hidden shareholders. Therefore, on the basis of the basic theoretical research of hidden shareholders, under the guidance of existing norms, this paper analyzes the current theoretical and legislative status of the legal disputes involving dormant shareholders. Combined with the principles of guiding this kind of disputes and the preventive measures to reduce such disputes, the author hopes to solve the legal disputes of hidden shareholders better from various angles.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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