一人公司法人治理结构研究

发布时间：2019-07-02 15:40

【摘要】：一人公司是我国市场经济发展过程中为适应市场经济主体发展需求而设立的特殊公司形式。自新公司法正式实施起,自然人或法人可以依法设立一人有限责任公司。一人公司最大的特点就是产权的单一,即公司只有唯一的股东。公司产权的单一性,使得公司股东的权利过于集中,公司法人治理结构中股东会、董事会、监事会的三会制衡机制已不存在。一人公司唯一股东实际控制公司,自任公司董事、监事的现象普遍存在。在公司经营过程中,股东极易将个人财产与公司财产混同,损害债权人和社会公共利益。为了避免一人公司股东滥用公司独立人格,有效限制股东的权利,制止公司财产和股东财产混同等现象发生,我国立法引进了法人人格否认制度。但实践过程中因立法的笼统、不具体,该制度实际操作性不强。一人公司股东的单一性和财产的不独立,使公司法人治理结构中的三会不能完全相互制衡,而只能处于相对独立的地位。本文从理论上分析了公司法人治理结构的法理基础和立法模式的一般理论,联系我国一人公司的特点和现状,归纳我国一人公司法人治理结构的特征和存在的问题。通过对我国一人公司组织机构中股东会、董事会、监事会和公司法人人格否认制度的立法分析,指出目前我国一人公司法人治理结构存在的问题。包括股东行使股东会权力过大,董事会、监事会的职能弱化,法人人格否认制度过于严格等。从约束股东控制权的角度出发,结合德国公司治理结构中的利益相关者理论,提出完善我国一人公司法人治理结构的建议。
[Abstract]:One-man company is the special company form set up to adapt to the development demand of the market economy in the course of the development of the market economy in our country. As for the formal implementation of the new company law, a natural person or a legal person may establish a limited liability company according to law. One of the biggest characteristics of one-person company is the single property right, that is, the company has only the sole shareholder. The unity of the property right of the company makes the right of the shareholders of the company to be too centralized, and the three-way balance mechanism of the board of shareholders, the board of directors and the board of supervisors in the corporate governance structure does not exist. The only shareholder of one-person company actually controls the company, and the phenomenon of the director and supervisor of the company is common. In the course of the operation of the company, the shareholders can easily mix the personal property with the property of the company, and damage the public interests of the creditors and the society. In order to avoid the abuse of the company's independent personality by one company's shareholders, to effectively limit the rights of the shareholders, to stop the mixing of the property of the company and the property of the shareholders, the legal person's personality denial system has been introduced in our country's legislation. However, due to the general nature of the legislation in the practice, the system is not practical. The non-independence of one-person company's shareholders and the non-independence of the property makes the three of the corporate governance structure not fully balanced and can only be in a relatively independent position. Based on the theoretical analysis of the legal basis of the corporate governance structure and the general theory of the legislative model, this paper analyzes the characteristics and the present situation of one-person corporate governance structure in our country, and sums up the characteristics and the existence of the corporate governance structure of one person in China. On the basis of the analysis of the legislation of the shareholders' meeting, the board of directors, the board of supervisors and the corporate personality denial system of one of our company's organizations, it is pointed out that the current one-person corporate governance structure exists in our country. Problems. Including the excessive power of the shareholders' meeting, the function of the board of directors and the board of supervisors is weakened, and the legal person's personality denial system is too strict. From the point of view of the control of the restricted shareholders, combining with the theory of the stakeholders in the governance structure of the German company, it is proposed to improve the corporate governance structure of one person in China.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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