我国农地土壤污染防治法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 07:01

本文关键词：我国农地土壤污染防治法律制度研究　出处：《昆明理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：土地是人类赖以生存的重要资源,农地是农民生活的主要来源。由于近年来人们对农地土壤的肆意破坏导致其污染日益加重,而对于人们对农地土壤的破坏行为我国却缺乏专项的立法加以规制。这就导致我国关于农地土壤污染防治法律制度在一定程度上落后于国外。随着我国农地土壤污染情况不断恶化,国家对如何防治和改进土壤污染问题的重视程度也日趋增强,因此我国将《土壤污染防治法》明确列入国家立法规划。虽然我国的现行法中有涉及到土壤污染的内容,但是内容缺乏具体性,导致法律适用于土壤污染防治的过程中缺乏一定的操作性。同时土壤污染中利益当事人的权利和义务也没有相应的法律规定为依据,法律制度上的缺失与污染的加剧形成了矛盾,本文将在农地土壤污染与防治中存在的问题作出分析,并通过对国外制度的探究以寻求解决法律制度缺失与污染加剧紧张矛盾的出路。第一部分是对农地土壤污染的基本理论的界定,对我国农地土壤污染防治的概念进行阐述,分析了农地土壤污染的特点,并通过案例分析得出我国农地土壤污染的现状及产生的原因；第二部分针对我国农地土壤污染防治的立法、执法与司法现状做出具体的分析,通过分析得出我国农地土壤污染存在的主要的问题；第三部分是对外国制度的借鉴,通过对于美国、德国、日本土壤污染防治的立法现状及法律制度的介绍,并比较各国的立法及法律制度得出其值得借鉴之处；第四部分针对我国农地土壤污染存在的主要问题提出六个方面的对策,即形成我国独立的农地土壤污染防治法律体系,完善农地土壤污染责任制度,完善农地土壤污染监管制度,确立农地土壤污染评估与安全等级划分制度,建立农地污染防治专门基金制度,健全绿色农业发展制度,确保粮食安全。本文认为通过积极的农地土壤污染防治措施,我国农地土壤污染问题会得到进一步解决,为我国农业的可持续发展提供有力保障。
[Abstract]:Land is an important resource for human survival, and farmland is the main source of farmers' life. In recent years, people's wanton destruction of farmland soil has led to the worsening of its pollution. However, there is a lack of special legislation to regulate the damage to farmland soil in China, which leads to the lag behind foreign countries in the prevention and control of farmland soil pollution to a certain extent. The pollution situation is worsening. The state pays more and more attention to how to prevent and improve soil pollution. Therefore, the "soil pollution Prevention and Control Law" will be explicitly included in the national legislative plan. Although the current law of our country has the content of soil pollution, but the content is lack of specificity. As a result, the application of the law to the prevention and control of soil pollution is lack of maneuverability. At the same time, the rights and obligations of the interested parties in soil pollution are not based on the corresponding legal provisions. There is a contradiction between the lack of legal system and the intensification of pollution. This paper will analyze the problems existing in farmland soil pollution and prevention. And through the exploration of foreign institutions to find a solution to the lack of legal system and pollution exacerbated tension way out. The first part is to define the basic theory of farmland soil pollution, to explain the concept of farmland soil pollution prevention and control, and to analyze the characteristics of farmland soil pollution. And through the case analysis, the present situation of farmland soil pollution in China and the causes are obtained. The second part makes a concrete analysis on the legislation, law enforcement and judicial status of the prevention and control of farmland soil pollution, through which the main problems of farmland soil pollution in China are obtained. The third part is to draw lessons from the foreign systems, through the introduction of the legislation status and legal system of soil pollution prevention and control in the United States, Germany and Japan, and compare the legislation and legal system of other countries to draw lessons; In the 4th part, the author puts forward six countermeasures against the main problems of farmland soil pollution in China, that is, to form an independent legal system of farmland soil pollution prevention and control, and to perfect the responsibility system of farmland soil pollution. Improve the agricultural land pollution supervision system, establish the farmland pollution assessment and safety classification system, establish the farmland pollution prevention and control special fund system, improve the green agriculture development system. This paper holds that the problem of farmland soil pollution in China will be further solved through active measures to prevent and control agricultural land soil pollution, which will provide a strong guarantee for the sustainable development of agriculture in China.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.68

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