论我国气候变化应对法中谨慎原则之适用及其限制

发布时间：2018-01-25 00:00

本文关键词： 气候变化应对法谨慎原则适用限制　出处：《政治与法律》2010年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了应对气候变化,以英国为代表的西方国家纷纷进行气候变化方面的立法,我国亦开始研究制订此种法律。谨慎原则,也译为风险预防原则,是近年来国际环境法领域被广泛讨论的一项基本原则。目前,我国环境立法中普遍适用预防原则,并未对谨慎原则进行规定。谨慎原则主要是针对政府的公共决策而言的,与预防原则的区别在于以不确定性为前提。国家的基本职能是保障安全,针对气候变化可能引起的巨大风险,以谨慎原则为基础进行风险管理、科学决策是以欧盟为代表的西方各国的发展趋势之一。然而,西方国家在谨慎原则的具体适用层面也面临一些困境。基于我国现阶段经济和社会条件,并考虑成本效益,在气候变化应对法中适用以比例原则为基础的弱谨慎原则具有一定的合理性和现实性。
[Abstract]:In order to cope with climate change, western countries, such as Britain, have carried out legislation on climate change one after another. China has also begun to study and formulate such laws. The precautionary principle is also translated as the principle of risk prevention. It is a basic principle that has been widely discussed in the field of international environmental law in recent years. At present, the precautionary principle is widely applied in the environmental legislation of our country. The precautionary principle is mainly aimed at the public decision-making of the government, and the difference between the precautionary principle and the precautionary principle lies in the premise of uncertainty. The basic function of the state is to ensure security. In view of the huge risk caused by climate change, the risk management is based on the precautionary principle. Scientific decision-making is one of the development trends of the western countries represented by the European Union. Western countries are also faced with some difficulties in the specific application of the precautionary principle. Based on the current economic and social conditions of our country, and considering the cost-effectiveness. It is reasonable and realistic to apply the principle of weak caution based on the principle of proportionality in the climate change response method.
【作者单位】：上海社会科学院法学研究所;
【基金】：上海社会科学院博士科研启动项目“哥本哈根时代发展中国家清洁发展机制法律问题研究(2009)”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D996.9;D922.6
【正文快照】： 哥本哈根气候谈判在一阵喧嚣中草草落幕。为了既能共同应对气候变化,又不承担公约失败的风险,谈判各方最终出台了一个简单的政治协议、一个毫无法律效力的政治宣言。气候变化问题的实质是能源问题。从能源供应的分布来看,“不平衡”是其中的根本特征,也是问题的实质。在政治

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