船舶强制责任保险制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 03:30

本文关键词： 强制责任保险海上保险直接诉讼　出处：《大连海事大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 随着社会的进步,交通工具的大型化与复杂化,增加了第三人人身伤亡及财产损失等问题发生的可能性及伤亡和损失的程度。在海事领域,船舶一旦发生漏油、倾覆等海上事故会对沿海国及船东本身造成巨大的经济损失,而船东面临的索赔即便是船东倾家荡产也往往不足以弥补事故地区所受到的损失。这种情形显然既不利于海上航运业的发展也不利于受到损害地区经济及环境的恢复与发展。在这种背景下,船舶强制责任保险制度应运而生。以《1969年油污损害民事责任公约》为代表的相关海事公约所建立的船舶强制责任保险制度取得了显著成效,在很大程度上加强了船东进行强制性责任保险的意识和义务,对航运业的发展和事故地区经济及环境的恢复起到了相当大的积极作用。海事领域,国际海上保险立法中强制责任保险有强化的趋势；而我国《防治船舶污染海洋环境管理条例》也在2010年3月生效,该条例对我国船舶强制责任保险制度的构建具有里程碑式的意义。因此,在这样的背景下,有必要对船舶强制责任保险制度的相关问题进行新的梳理。而本文的撰写目的也意在于此,并对我国船舶强制责任保险制度的构建提出相应的建议。文章第一、二章论述了责任保险和船舶强制责任保险的相关理论基础,揭示了责任保险产生的现实和理论基础,强制责任保险的特点,船舶强制责任保险制度产生的法理基础、性质、意义与作用等等。第三章深入研究了船舶强制责任保险制度的基本内容,包括该制度与相关其他制度的关系,法律关系主体,制度适用的范围与船舶,第三人的直接请求权,责任保险人的抗辩权,责任保险人诉讼地位及责任保险诉讼时效的起算标准。第四章细致剖析了我国船舶强制责任保险制度建设的现状,从污染领域、客船旅客运输领域、残骸清除打捞领域三个方面深入分析了在各领域建立船舶强制责任保险制度的必要性以及我国相关法制建设过程中存在的问题。第五章在上文研究、分析的基础上,立足我国法律实际,进一步检讨了我国相关法律、法规中存在的问题,进而提出相关的立法建议。
[Abstract]:With the progress of society, large-scale and complicated transport instruments, increasing the likelihood of third person casualties and property losses and casualties and damage degree. In the field, once the ship oil spill, overturning maritime accidents have caused enormous economic losses to the coastal state and the owner, and the owner faces the owner claims even go bankrupt is often not sufficient to make up for the loss by accident. This situation is not conducive to the development of clear sea shipping industry is not conducive to the damaged areas of economic and environmental restoration and development. In this context, as compulsory liability insurance system. The ship has achieved remarkable results in the compulsory liability insurance system of ship the establishment of relevant maritime conventions to <1969 Convention on civil liability for oil pollution damage "as the representative, to a large extent strengthen the owners of compulsory The consciousness and obligations of liability insurance have played a considerable positive role in the development of the shipping industry and the recovery of the economy and environment in the accident area.
The field of international marine insurance legislation of compulsory liability insurance has intensified; and China's "Regulations on the administration of preventing marine" also came into force in March 2010, has the sense of milepost type construction of the regulations of compulsory liability insurance system of our country ships. Therefore, in this context, it is necessary to make a new combing the relevant problems of compulsory liability insurance system on the ship. And the purpose of writing this article is intended here, put forward and construction of compulsory liability insurance system of our country shipping advice accordingly.
The first, second chapter discusses the theoretical basis of liability insurance and marine compulsory liability insurance, liability insurance reveals the practical and theoretical foundation, the characteristics of compulsory liability insurance, legal basis, the compulsory liability insurance system from nature, significance and effect and so on.
The basic contents of the third chapter of the vessel compulsory insurance system, including the relationship between the system and other related system, legal relation subject, scope and ship system applicable to the direct claim of third party liability, the insurer's right of defense, the standard liability insurance legal status and liability insurance litigation.
The fourth chapter detailed analysis of the status quo of China's compulsory liability insurance system of ship construction, pollution from the field, the field of passenger transport of passenger ships, salvage wreck removal three areas in-depth analysis of the necessity of setting up the vessel compulsory insurance system in various fields and the related law system of our country in the process of construction.
The fifth chapter, based on the above research and analysis, based on the reality of China's law, further reviewed the problems existing in our relevant laws and regulations, and then put forward relevant legislative proposals.

【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D996.19;D922.6

【引证文献】