论海洋生态保护补偿制度的构建

发布时间：2018-02-02 16:36

本文关键词： 海洋生态保护补偿补偿主体补偿标准配套制度体系　出处：《宁波大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海洋生态保护补偿制度,是指海洋使用人或受益人在符合法律法规的情况下,在进行开发利用海洋资源的活动中对海洋资源的所有权人或者为海洋生态环境保护付出代价者进行经济补助的一种制度。具体而言,包括海洋生态损害赔偿与海洋生态保护补偿。海洋生态补偿制度的目的是使海洋生态资源被适度、持续地开发、利用和保护,从而达到海洋经济发展与生态环境的协调。随着我国经济的快速发展,陆地资源已经无法满足人类的需求。而对海洋资源的粗放式开发与利用造成了海洋生态环境的严重破坏。虽然海洋生态保护补偿制度的优势明显,但在现实中却未得到人们足够的重视。具体而言,在立法与实践上都存在着一定的缺陷与问题,有待进一步改进。到目前为止,这一制度的实施并没有完全达到令人满意的效果,也并未真正实现海洋生态环境保护的目的。针对这一现状,本论文将针对海洋生态保护补偿制度进行较为系统与深入的探讨分析,以期为我国的海洋生态保护补偿制度的构建提供新思路。本文主要将从以下几方面展开论述。首先,本文将对海洋生态保护补偿制度的现状与存在的问题进行简要的介绍与分析,包括立法与实践两个方面。明确其法律内涵,了解其在立法与实践中的不足;其次,对外国典型国家的海洋生态制度进行比较分析,这里将会着重介绍美国与日本的经验,因为这两个国家在这一制度的构建上都比较成功,达到了较好的效果;再次,依据我国现存的问题并在借鉴他国经验教训的基础上,对我国海洋生态补偿制度的构建提出具体的对策,包括补偿的主体、范围、标准、方式以及程序等。只有这些概念与方式确定了,这一制度才能更好地落实与实施;最后,本文也会对相应的配套制度体系进行介绍与分析,并提出相应的建议,以期更好地配合这一制度的实施与完善。
[Abstract]:The compensation system for marine ecological protection refers to the marine users or beneficiaries in accordance with the laws and regulations of the case. A system of economic subsidies to owners of marine resources or those who pay for the protection of the marine ecological environment in activities for the exploitation and utilization of marine resources. The purpose of the marine ecological compensation system is to make the marine ecological resources be moderately exploited, utilized and protected. In order to achieve the coordination between marine economic development and ecological environment, with the rapid development of China's economy. Land resources have been unable to meet the needs of human beings. Extensive exploitation and utilization of marine resources have caused serious damage to the marine ecological environment, although the advantages of marine ecological protection and compensation system are obvious. But in reality, people have not paid enough attention to it. Specifically, there are some defects and problems in legislation and practice, which need to be further improved. So far. The implementation of this system has not completely achieved satisfactory results, nor has it really achieved the purpose of protecting the marine ecological environment. This paper will focus on the marine ecological protection compensation system for a more systematic and in-depth analysis. In order to provide a new idea for the construction of marine ecological protection compensation system in China. This paper will mainly discuss from the following aspects. First of all. This paper will briefly introduce and analyze the current situation and existing problems of marine ecological protection compensation system, including legislation and practice, clear its legal connotation, understand its shortcomings in legislation and practice; Secondly, the comparative analysis of the marine ecological system of foreign typical countries, here will focus on the experience of the United States and Japan, because these two countries in the construction of this system is relatively successful. Good results are achieved; Thirdly, according to the existing problems of our country and on the basis of learning from the experience of other countries, this paper puts forward specific countermeasures for the construction of marine ecological compensation system in China, including the main body, scope and standard of compensation. Only when these concepts and methods are defined, can the system be better implemented and implemented; Finally, this paper will also introduce and analyze the corresponding supporting system, and put forward corresponding suggestions, in order to better cooperate with the implementation and improvement of this system.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

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