环境侵权责任保险制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 15:48

本文关键词： 侵权责任社会化环境侵权责任保险责任范围　出处：《复旦大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：环境问题正成为全世界最为关注的话题之一。随着我国经济的发展,人民生活水平的提高,环境污染和生态破坏越来越引起社会的关注。我国是世界上环境污染最严重的国家之一,环境问题已经影响到了我国经济与社会的可持续发展。在侵权行为赔偿责任社会化理论以及无过错责任规则原则等的支撑下,环境侵权责任保险得到法理界的认可。通过发展环境侵权责任保险,可以有效地分散企业的环境责任风险,并能够及时地为受害人提供保护。西方各国对于环境侵权责任保险的发展已经有了数十年的积极实践,这也为我国发展自己的环境侵权责任保险提供了借鉴。我国早在上世纪90年代初就有了环境侵权责任保险的试点工作,可惜由于赔付率过低、企业投保热情不高等种种原因,最终都以失败而告终。近年来,国家环保部和保监部门联合发布了《关于环境污染责任保险的指导意见》,再次在各地展开环境侵权责任保险试点,力求为在全国范围内的推广提供宝贵的经验。我国的环境侵权责任保险起步较晚,在推广过程中也暴露了不少问题。在移植西方的经验时需要充分考虑自身国情的特点。本文主要分为四个部分。除了环境问题背景介绍之外,第一部分着重于环境侵权行为的分析,以及环境侵权责任保险法理基础、特点、作用的介绍；第二部分比较了西方主要国家发展环境侵权责任保险的不同模式,发展的趋势以及不同模式的优缺点比较；第三部分介绍我国开展环境侵权责任保险的基本情况,以及遇到的问题；最后一部分试图对我国环境侵权责任保险发展的路径选择做出个人的看法和建议。
[Abstract]:Environmental issues are becoming one of the most concerned topics in the world. With the development of China's economy and the improvement of people's living standards, Environmental pollution and ecological destruction have attracted more and more attention of the society. China is one of the countries with the most serious environmental pollution in the world, and environmental problems have affected the sustainable development of our economy and society. Supported by the socialized theory of tort liability and the principle of no-fault liability, the environmental tort liability insurance is recognized by the legal circles. It can effectively disperse the environmental liability risks of enterprises and provide timely protection to the victims. The development of environmental tort liability insurance in western countries has been actively practiced for decades. This also provides a reference for our country to develop its own environmental tort liability insurance. As early as -10s, the pilot work of environmental tort liability insurance was carried out in our country. Unfortunately, due to the low compensation rate and the low enthusiasm for enterprise insurance, it ended in failure in recent years. The State Ministry of Environmental Protection and the department of insurance and supervision jointly issued the guidance on liability Insurance for Environmental pollution, and once again launched a pilot project on environmental tort liability insurance in various localities. Our country's environmental tort liability insurance started relatively late and exposed a lot of problems in the process of popularizing. It is necessary to consider the characteristics of our own national conditions when transplanting the western experience. This paper is divided into four parts. In addition to the background of environmental issues, the first part focuses on the analysis of environmental tort, as well as the legal basis, characteristics and role of environmental tort liability insurance. The second part compares the different modes of developing environmental tort liability insurance in western countries, the development trend and the advantages and disadvantages of different models. The third part introduces the basic situation of developing environmental tort liability insurance in China. The last part tries to make personal opinions and suggestions on the path choice of the development of environmental tort liability insurance in China.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.68;D923;D922.284

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