我国企业环境信息公开法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 03:29

本文关键词： 环境信息企业环境信息公开环境知情权制度　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：现代企业在推动社会飞速发展的同时也成为了各种污染事件、环境事故的引发者、制造者。企业环境信息公开是法定的义务主体将依法获取到的污染企业的相关信息以书面、图像、录音或者数据库等形式依法按照一定程序向政府、企业管理者、企业雇员、消费者、投资者、非政府组织和社区公众等进行公开的行为。企业环境信息公开既是保障公民环境知情权的重要手段,也是环境管理信息的重要环节,更是从本源上进行环境保护的重要途径。企业环境信息公开法律制度是遵循国家环境基本政策和环境法基本原则而制定的、调整义务主体依法公开企业环境信息这种行为的法律规范的总称,由一系列法律规范组成的特定体系。重视企业环境信息公开是当前国际环境信息立法发展的新趋势。以美国、欧盟为代表的一些国家和地区相继建立了较为系统的企业环境信息公开制度,积极推行法定的且客观有效的环境信息公开评价体系和评定标准。通过对国内外企业环境信息公开法律制度之立法和实践状况的对比和分析,总结出我国在企业环境信息公开制度立法上与实践中存在的问题有：立法零散化、碎片化,法律位阶较低；法律体系不完整,关于企业环境信息公开的义务主体、评定方式、公开程序、公开形式和途径等规定不具体；应当公开的范围狭窄、强制公开的信息内容有限,并且强制公开的标准和条件在实际操作过程中并不实用；重要的保障和救济措施仍然缺失；公开环境信息的企业数量少、公开的信息质量不高；公众参与不足；民间环保社团的优势无法发挥。本着促进我国企业、社会和经济和谐发展和实现可持续发展理念的目的,从解决以上问题的角度出发,结合我国现实国情,完善我国企业环境信息公开法律制度应从以下方面展开：首先,在宪法和环境保护基本法中明确公民知情权或者环境知情权的地位,增加企业具有保护环境的责任内容；其次,由国务院制定《企业环境信息公开条例》来确立企业环境信息公开的基本法律制度；第三,在制定条例的具体内容上应包括立法目的、公开原则、公开主体、公开范围、公开程序、责任和救济等各个方面；最后,应当同步建立和完善与企业环境信息公开有关的配套措施。
[Abstract]:While promoting the rapid development of society, modern enterprises have also become all kinds of pollution incidents, the initiators and producers of environmental accidents. The disclosure of environmental information of enterprises is a legal obligation subject to obtain the relevant information of polluting enterprises according to law in writing. In the form of images, recordings or databases, according to law, according to certain procedures, to the government, enterprise managers, enterprise employees, consumers, investors, The disclosure of enterprise environmental information is not only an important means to protect citizens' right to know about the environment, but also an important link of environmental management information. It is also an important way to carry out environmental protection from the source. The legal system of environmental information disclosure in enterprises is formulated in accordance with the basic national environmental policy and the basic principles of environmental law. The general name of the legal norms governing the disclosure of enterprise environmental information by the subject of obligation according to law, a specific system composed of a series of legal norms. It is a new trend of the current development of international environmental information legislation to attach importance to the disclosure of enterprise environmental information. Some countries and regions represented by the European Union have successively established a more systematic system of disclosure of enterprise environmental information. To actively promote the statutory and objective and effective environmental information publicity evaluation system and evaluation standards. Through the comparison and analysis of the legislation and practice of the legal system of environmental information disclosure in domestic and foreign enterprises, The problems in the legislation and practice of enterprise environmental information disclosure system in our country are summarized as follows: fragmented legislation, fragmented legislation, low legal rank, incomplete legal system, the subject of obligation about the disclosure of enterprise environmental information, and the evaluation method. The provisions of public procedure, forms and channels of disclosure are not specific; the scope of disclosure should be narrow, the content of information compulsory disclosure is limited, and the standards and conditions of compulsory disclosure are not practical in the actual operation process; The important protection and relief measures are still missing; the number of enterprises that open environmental information is small, the quality of public information is not high; the public participation is insufficient; the advantages of non-governmental environmental protection organizations can not be brought into play. In line with the purpose of promoting the harmonious development of enterprises, society and economy in our country and realizing the concept of sustainable development, from the angle of solving the above problems, and combining with the reality of our country, To perfect the legal system of environmental information disclosure of enterprises in our country should be carried out from the following aspects: firstly, in the constitution and the basic law of environmental protection, we should make clear the status of citizens' right to know or the right to know about the environment, and increase the content of enterprises' responsibility to protect the environment. The State Council shall formulate the regulations on the disclosure of enterprise environmental information to establish a basic legal system for the disclosure of enterprise environmental information. Third, the specific contents of the regulations should include legislative purposes, the principle of openness, the subject of disclosure, and the scope of disclosure. Finally, we should simultaneously establish and perfect the supporting measures related to the disclosure of enterprise environmental information.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.29;D922.68

【引证文献】