论建筑垃圾循环利用的法律规制

发布时间：2018-03-01 02:33

本文关键词： 建筑垃圾循环利用立法　出处：《重庆大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 建筑垃圾是指建设单位、施工单位新建、改建、扩建和拆除各类建筑物、构筑物、管网等以及居民装饰装修房屋过程中所产生的弃土、弃料及其他废弃物,是城市固体垃圾的重要组成部分。随着中国城市化进程的发展,环境问题越来越严峻,尤其是建筑垃圾问题,已经引起了社会和政府的广泛关注,而法治化建设尤为重要。本文首先分析了建筑垃圾可能引发的环境问题,指出我们应对建筑废弃物进行单独的回收和处理,而循环经济模式是可以借鉴和使用的较好途径。循环经济的理念是可持续发展战略的具体实践模式,它与传统的经济增长模式相比有了革命性的飞跃。我国的循环经济实践最先开始于工业领域,用它来解决建筑垃圾问题还处于起步阶段。所以在建筑垃圾治理过程中推行循环经济的理论和实践模式具有重要的现实意义。但是,我们以循环经济理论为基础对建筑垃圾实施全过程治理缺乏有力的手段,因此,立法作为保障其顺利进行的根本手段被提上日程。我国现有的城市固体废弃物处置方面的立法不能满足建筑垃圾处置的需要,为此需要对建筑垃圾的回收利用进行专项立法。通过考察部分发达国家建筑垃圾循环利用的实例,笔者总结出发达国家运用法律手段成功处理建筑垃圾的经验,主要包括:以立法支持其回收利用是发达国家的普遍做法;循环经济及可持续发展已经成为这些国家进行其专项立法的指导思想;立法中明确对市场化处理企业的补偿机制;建立适合的回收利用费用分担机制。同时,本文在论证分析我国现行立法对建筑垃圾回收利用法律规制的不足的基础上,进一步阐述了对我国建筑垃圾回收利用进行法律规制的必要性,并提出了构建建筑垃圾循环利用法律制度的建议。本文认为,构建建筑垃圾回收利用的法律制度必须确立以可持续发展理论、循环经济理论和清洁生产理论作为构建该法律制度的理论基础,其处置应确立以源头控制为主、全过程控制的主动应对模式,推行清洁生产,运用循环经济理论建立建筑业发展新模式,同时满足污染控制和资源再生利用的要求,充分体现“减量化、资源化、最小化”的目标,受益者补偿原则、平等协作、公众参与原则等。而具体的法律制度建议则包括建筑垃圾废弃物申报管理制度、垃圾源头分类管理制度、无害化与资源化处理制度、再生产品的使用激励制度等。
[Abstract]:Construction waste refers to the disposal of earth, materials and other wastes generated by construction units, construction units, new construction units, reconstruction, expansion and demolition of various kinds of buildings, structures, pipe networks, etc., as well as by residents in the course of decoration and decoration of houses, With the development of urbanization in China, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious, especially the construction waste problem, which has attracted extensive attention of the society and the government, and the rule of law construction is particularly important. This paper first analyzes the possible environmental problems caused by construction waste, and points out that we should separate recovery and treatment of construction waste. The concept of circular economy is the practical model of sustainable development strategy. Compared with the traditional economic growth model, it has made a revolutionary leap. China's circular economy practice first began in the industrial field. Using it to solve the construction waste problem is still in its infancy. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out the theory and practice mode of circular economy in the process of construction waste treatment. Based on the theory of circular economy, we lack the effective means to implement the whole process treatment of construction waste. Therefore, legislation as the basic means to ensure its smooth progress is put on the agenda. The existing legislation on the disposal of municipal solid waste in China can not meet the needs of construction waste disposal. For this reason, it is necessary to make special legislation on the recycling and utilization of construction waste. The author summarizes the experience of the developed countries in using legal means to deal with construction waste successfully, including: legislation to support its recycling is a common practice in developed countries; The circular economy and sustainable development have become the guiding ideology for these countries to carry out their special legislation; the compensation mechanism for market-oriented enterprises is clear in the legislation; and the appropriate mechanism for the sharing of recovery and utilization costs is established. At the same time, on the basis of demonstrating and analyzing the deficiency of the current legislation of our country on the legal regulation of the recycling and utilization of construction waste, this paper further expounds the necessity of the legal regulation on the recycling and utilization of construction waste in our country. The author also puts forward the suggestion of constructing the legal system of recycling and utilization of construction waste. This paper holds that the theory of sustainable development must be established to construct the legal system of recycling and utilization of construction waste. The circular economy theory and cleaner production theory are the theoretical basis of constructing the legal system. The disposal of them should be based on the active response mode of source control and whole process control, and carry out cleaner production. Using the theory of circular economy to establish a new mode of development of construction industry, at the same time to meet the requirements of pollution control and recycling of resources, fully embody the goal of "reducing, utilizing and minimizing", the principle of beneficiary compensation, equal cooperation, etc. The principle of public participation and so on. The specific legal system includes construction waste declaration and management system, waste source classification management system, harmless and resource treatment system, the use of renewable products incentive system and so on.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68

【引证文献】