我国外来物种入侵防范的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 10:45

本文关键词： 外来物种入侵生态安全防治立法　出处：《昆明理工大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人类的发展,生态破坏成为全球性问题,生态安全向全人类提出挑战,而外来物种入侵是影响生态安全的重要因素之一。在自然状态下,生物物种因海洋、山脉、河流和沙漠等天然屏障阻隔而被限制在一定区域范围内生存发展。然而随着经济全球一体化进程的加剧,和在国际贸易自由化的新形势,全球范围内的对外贸易、交通运输及旅游等行业迅速发展,打破了阻隔物种自然迁移的各种天然屏障,外来有害生物入侵所引发的生物灾害和生物安全问题日益严峻和凸现。外来物种入侵给人类生活环境、经济发展、身体健康都带来巨大危害。本文第一部分对外来物种入侵的概念特征、入侵途径、入侵危害做了概述。第二部分为国际及国外有关防范外来物种入侵的立法概况,包括国际立法及区域立法、部分发达国家立法现状和对我国的启示。第三部分为我国防范外来物种入侵存在的问题,包括我国外来物种入侵现状、立法现状及存在的不足。第四部分：防范外来物种入侵的法律对策,包括树立正确科学的立法目的、应重点确立的原则、应重点确立的制度和建立统一的部门协调机制。在学习国际及国外在外来物种入侵方面的较为完备的立法经验基础上,总结我国目前有关防治外来物种入侵立法的基本情况,我国现行防治外来物种入侵法律制度还存在很多问题,我国针对外来物种入侵并无专门的法律法规,另外没有充分包含入侵物种对生物多样性或生态环境破坏的相关内容,与从保护生物多样性角度控制外来入侵物种的目标还相差甚远。我国应当在分析外来物种入侵现状的基础上,在立法原则的指导下整合现有法律规定,建立我国防治外来物种入侵法律体系。主要包括法律体系的构建,相关原则的遵循和制度的确立。最终达到保护我国的生物多样性的效果,力求达到人与自然的和谐发展。总之,生态安全是生态文明的重要内容。保障生态安全的一个重要措施就是对即外来物种入侵问题的防治,只有健全防治外来物种入侵的法律,构建了完善的防治外来物种入侵的法律体系,才能有效阻止外来物种的入侵。本文以此为切入点,对外来物种入侵的法律问题进行分析。
[Abstract]:With the development of human beings, ecological destruction has become a global problem. Ecological security challenges all mankind, and alien species invasion is one of the important factors affecting ecological security. Natural barriers, such as rivers and deserts, are confined to the survival and development of certain regions. However, with the intensification of the process of global economic integration and the new situation of international trade liberalization, foreign trade on a global scale, The rapid development of industries such as transportation and tourism has broken all kinds of natural barriers to the natural migration of species. The biological disasters and biosafety problems caused by the invasion of exotic pests are becoming more and more serious and prominent. Alien species invasion has brought great harm to human living environment, economic development and health. The first part of this paper gives an overview of the concept, approach and harm of alien species invasion. The second part is about the international and foreign legislation on the prevention of alien species invasion, including international legislation and regional legislation. The third part is about the problems of preventing alien species invasion in China, including the current situation of alien species invasion in China. Part 4th: the legal countermeasures against invasive alien species, including the establishment of a correct and scientific legislative purpose, the principles to be established, On the basis of studying the relatively complete legislative experience of international and foreign countries in the field of alien species invasion, we should summarize the basic situation of the current legislation on the prevention and control of alien species invasion in our country. There are still many problems in the current legal system of preventing and controlling alien species invasion in our country. There are no special laws and regulations for alien species invasion in our country. In addition, it does not fully contain the relevant contents of invasive species that damage biodiversity or ecological environment. It is still far from the goal of controlling invasive alien species from the perspective of biodiversity conservation. Our country should integrate existing laws and regulations under the guidance of legislative principles on the basis of analyzing the current situation of invasive alien species. The establishment of the legal system for the prevention and control of alien species invasion in China includes the construction of the legal system, the observance of relevant principles and the establishment of the system. Finally, the protection of biodiversity in China is achieved and the harmonious development of man and nature is achieved. In short, ecological security is an important part of ecological civilization. An important measure to ensure ecological security is to prevent and cure the invasion of alien species. Only by constructing a perfect legal system to prevent alien species from invading, can we effectively prevent alien species from invading. This paper analyzes the legal problems of alien species invasion.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.6

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