冰雪资源管理的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 13:31

本文选题：冰雪资源　切入点：管理　出处：《东北林业大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 冰雪资源是一种季节性自然资源,随着现代社会的不断发展和经济文化的日新月异,近年来,冰雪资源逐渐被更为广义地附加了一层社会资源的外延。政府通过做大做强冰雪产业,丰富弘扬冰雪文化,实现一定的经济效益与文化效应。但在政府对冰雪资源的开发利用过程中,还存在诸如政府管理不细致不到位导致的冰雪经济一片“赔钱吆喝”之声；市场结构单一,经营理念落后；公众参与热情低等问题。而08年突如其来的低温雪灾,南方十省应对灾情的措手不及,人身财产的严重损失,都为我们敲响警钟：让我们意识到冰雪资源并不是只有产业化的开发利用,冰雪灾害的防治也已不再只是北方地区的专有,冰雪灾害防治也必须要上升到全国全局齐抓共管的高度。所以,我国政府必须要重视冰雪资源的管理。文章首先从界定冰雪资源管理的概念、了解冰雪资源管理的特性入手,对冰雪资源管理的发展历史沿革进行深入解读,为准确提出冰雪资源管理的法律对策与建议奠定坚实的理论基础。其次,通过对比国内外现行冰雪资源管理现状,分析得出我国冰雪资源管理中在立法方面存在现行法律法规层级低、缺少统一管理的防灾减灾类法律等问题；在机制方面存在政府相关职能与机制不完善、执法主体效率低下、政府间因体制不顺导致沟通合作意识欠缺等问题；同时还存在一系列诸如市场引导、信息公开、公众参与、财政投入等制度方面的问题与不足。国外冰雪资源管理的优秀经验与办法,值得我们认真的学习与借鉴。文章立足可持续发展思想基础之上,针对现状与不足,从法律角度提出如下建议与对策：在依法管理的前提下立法规范冰雪产业发展,修改完善现行法律,加快制定《防灾减灾基本法》；充实完善包括灾前预警、灾中应急联动、灾后救济重建在内的冰雪灾害应急机制；同时注意加强社会公众参与、行政问责、财政投入等制度建设,保障冰雪资源管理的良好运行,、最终使冰雪资源管理实现经济效益与社会效应的双赢。
[Abstract]:Ice and snow resources are seasonal natural resources. With the continuous development of modern society and the rapid development of economy and culture, in recent years, Ice and snow resources have gradually been added to a broader extension of social resources. The government enriches ice and snow culture by making ice and snow industries bigger and stronger. But in the course of the government's exploitation and utilization of ice and snow resources, there is still a sound of "losing money" in the ice and snow economy caused by the lack of careful government management, and the market structure is single. Business philosophy is backward, public participation enthusiasm is low, and so on. But in 2008, the sudden low temperature snow disaster, the ten southern provinces were unprepared to deal with the disaster, and the serious loss of life and property, It is a wake-up call for us to realize that ice and snow resources are not only developed and utilized in an industrial way, and that the prevention and treatment of snow and ice disasters are no longer the exclusive preserve of the northern region. Ice and snow disaster prevention and control must also rise to the national overall level of joint management. Therefore, the government of our country must attach importance to the management of ice and snow resources. Firstly, this article begins with defining the concept of ice and snow resources management and understanding the characteristics of ice and snow resources management, and deeply interprets the history and evolution of ice and snow resources management. In order to accurately put forward the legal countermeasures and suggestions of ice and snow resources management to lay a solid theoretical foundation. Secondly, by comparing the current situation of ice and snow resources management at home and abroad, It is concluded that there are some problems in the legislation of ice and snow resources management in our country, such as the low level of current laws and regulations, the lack of unified management of disaster prevention and mitigation laws, the imperfect functions and mechanisms of the government and the inefficiency of the subject of law enforcement in the aspect of mechanism. At the same time, there are a series of problems such as market guidance, information disclosure, public participation, etc. Financial investment and other institutional problems and deficiencies. Foreign ice and snow resources management of excellent experience and methods, worthy of our careful study and reference. Based on the idea of sustainable development, the article aims at the current situation and deficiencies, From the legal point of view, the following suggestions and countermeasures are put forward: legislating to standardize the development of ice and snow industry under the premise of managing according to law, revising and perfecting the existing laws, speeding up the formulation of the basic Law for disaster Prevention and Mitigation, enriching and perfecting the measures including pre-disaster early warning, emergency response in disaster, Emergency mechanisms for ice and snow disasters, including disaster relief and reconstruction; at the same time, attention should be paid to strengthening the system of public participation, administrative accountability and financial input. To ensure the good operation of ice and snow resources management, to make the ice and snow resources management realize the win-win of economic benefit and social effect.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.6

【引证文献】