完善我国水污染防治法的研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 02:01

本文选题：水资源保护　切入点：水污染防治　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 水资源是生命的源泉,农业的命脉,工业的血液;水资源是生态系统中最活跃,影响最广泛的要素;水资源是生物赖以生存的重要环境资源;水资源是社会经济发展的重要物质基础。在我国,水资源长期以来被当作一种免费资源,随着社会主义市场经济的发展,工业化和城镇化的推进,水资源供求矛盾愈加凸现,水资源污染状况也不断加重。为了解决这一问题,对水资源进行全方位的法律调整就显得非常紧迫,尤其是对水污染防治方面。现阶段我国的水污染防治法律正处于起步阶段,还仍有许多不完善的地方需要我们大家共同的努力。本文将用历史的,比较的方法研究水污染防治法。通过分析我国现阶段水资源及水污染状况,结合我国水污染防治立法的历史沿革及我国国情,并参照国外水污染防治方面的规定,以“源头控制”理念为指引,提出切实可行的立法建议。现阶段我国的水污染防治法存在以下问题:1、水污染防治法的诉讼主体中还缺少环境公益诉讼制度。2、尚未规定征收水资源税制度。3、尚未规定建立排污权交易市场。4、对于水污染突发性事故应急处理上缺乏行之有效的补偿法律机制。5、民事解决制度还欠缺。6、刑事立法中还未规定水资源犯罪。针对这些问题,我结合国外水污染防治法的相关规定,从理论依据和现实依据两个方面分析了完善我国水污染防治法的可行性。以“源头治理”理念为指引,充分运用经济激励手段,主张建立排污权交易市场,征收水资源税等方面来促进水资源保护。在其他法律制度方面,加入对第三产业方面污染的保护,同时也对民法、刑法方面提出了相关的建议措施。
[Abstract]:Water resource is the source of life, the lifeblood of agriculture, the blood of industry, water resource is the most active and influential factor in ecosystem, water resource is the important environmental resource on which living things depend. Water resources are the important material foundation of social and economic development. In our country, water resources have been regarded as a kind of free resources for a long time. With the development of socialist market economy and the promotion of industrialization and urbanization, the contradiction between water supply and demand has become increasingly prominent. In order to solve this problem, it is very urgent to carry out comprehensive legal adjustment of water resources, especially in the aspect of water pollution prevention. At the present stage, the law of water pollution prevention and control in our country is in its infancy. There are still many imperfections that require the joint efforts of all of us. This paper will use historical and comparative methods to study water pollution prevention and control law. Through the analysis of water resources and water pollution situation at the present stage of our country, combined with the historical evolution of water pollution prevention and control legislation in our country and the national conditions of our country, Referring to the regulations of water pollution prevention and control abroad and guided by the idea of "source control", practical legislative suggestions are put forward. At the present stage, the water pollution prevention and control law of our country has the following problems: 1. The main body of the water pollution prevention and control law still lacks the environmental public interest litigation system. 2. 2. There is no regulation on the collection of water resources tax system. 3. No provision has been made for the establishment of a trading market for emission rights. (4) there is no effective legal mechanism of compensation for the emergency treatment of water pollution accident. 5, the civil solution system is still short of .6. the crime of water resources has not been stipulated in the criminal legislation. In view of these problems, I have analyzed the feasibility of perfecting the water pollution prevention and control law in our country from two aspects: theoretical basis and practical basis, combined with the relevant provisions of the foreign water pollution prevention and control law, which is guided by the concept of "source control". Making full use of economic incentives, advocating the establishment of a trading market for emission rights, levying water resources tax, and so on, to promote water resources protection. In other legal systems, the protection of pollution in the tertiary industry should be added, and at the same time, civil law should be added. In the aspect of criminal law, some suggestions and measures are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.68

【引证文献】