大湄公河次区域野生动物栖息地保护法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 04:08

本文选题：大湄公河次区域　切入点：野生动物栖息地　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济发展与环境保护之间的矛盾日益突出,生物多样性问题在全球范围内受到广泛关注,而保护生物多样性的关键之一就是保护野生动物栖息地。社会的进步同样伴生着一系列环境问题,城市化进程的推进使得野生动物栖息地面积逐渐缩小,甚至隔断栖息地,出现破碎化现象。野生动物栖息地对于维护生态平衡有着不可替代的作用,因此,如何保护栖息地,促进人与自然和谐相处成为亟待解决的问题。以往大湄公河次区域之间的合作都是以经济为主,处于西南边陲的云南省在次区域经济合作中发挥着重要作用,中国对此一直高度重视。但推动次区域经济发展的同时,也要兼顾野生动物栖息地保护问题,众多开发项目必然会影响环境。为了实现大湄公河次区域经济效益、社会效益、环境效益三位一体的发展道路,国际环境合作也是必不可少的。在此,本文仅对大湄公河次区域野生动物栖息地保护的法律制度进行探讨,其他方面不做赘述。生物圈具有整体性,因此它无法通过要素分解或区域分割的方法进行划分,所以不能由各个主权国家独立占有。大湄公河次区域内有着丰富的生物多样性,野生动物栖息地也不是相互独立的存在,通常是连成片的,不可分割的。因此,跨境保护的问题显得尤为重要,同时还要考虑国家间的野生动物迁徙问题。由于次区域中每个国家的经济状况、法律政策和文化宗教等因素具有差异性,因此需要通过国家间的合作与协调来对栖息地进行保护。本文主要结合大湄公河次区域的特点,对次区域野生动物栖息地的保护现状进行分析,针对现有保护措施所存在的问题进行研究。本文认为,要做好对大湄公河次区域野生动物栖息地的保护,首先要转变以往的立法理念,制定具有法律强制力的框架公约,并协调各国立法之间的冲突,构建完善的栖息地保护法律体系。其次设立专门的保护部门,加强成员国之间的合作,并配以相应的栖息地保护配套措施,如生物廊道、公众参与、生物数据库等,以构建科学可行的栖息地保护法律制度,有效改善当前次区域栖息地现状。
[Abstract]:As the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection becomes increasingly prominent, the issue of biodiversity has received extensive attention worldwide. And one of the keys to protecting biodiversity is to protect wildlife habitats. Social progress is accompanied by a series of environmental problems. With the advancement of urbanization, wildlife habitat areas are gradually shrinking or even habitat is being cut off. Wildlife habitat has an irreplaceable role to maintain ecological balance, therefore, how to protect the habitat, Promoting harmonious coexistence between man and nature has become an urgent problem to be solved. In the past, the cooperation between the Greater Mekong Subregion was based mainly on the economy, and Yunnan Province, located in the southwestern border, played an important role in the sub-regional economic cooperation. China has always attached great importance to this issue. However, while promoting economic development in the sub-region, it should also take into account the problem of wildlife habitat protection. Many development projects will inevitably affect the environment. In order to realize the economic and social benefits of the Greater Mekong Subregion, International environmental cooperation is also essential for the trinity of environmental benefits. In this paper, we only discuss the legal system of wildlife habitat protection in Greater Mekong Subregion. The biosphere is so holistic that it cannot be divided by factor decomposition or regional division, and therefore cannot be occupied independently by sovereign countries. The Greater Mekong subregion is rich in biodiversity, Wildlife habitats are not independent of each other, usually connected and indivisible. Therefore, the issue of cross-border conservation is particularly important. Also taking into account the problem of wildlife migration among countries. Due to the differences in the economic situation, legal policies, culture and religion of each country in the subregion, Therefore, it is necessary to protect habitats through cooperation and coordination among countries. This paper mainly analyzes the current situation of wildlife habitat protection in the Greater Mekong Subregion, which is based on the characteristics of the Greater Mekong Subregion. In order to protect wildlife habitat in the Greater Mekong Subregion, we must first change the previous legislative ideas and formulate a framework convention with legal enforcement force, this paper holds that in order to do a good job of protecting wildlife habitat in the Greater Mekong Subregion, we should change the previous legislative ideas and formulate a framework convention with legal enforcement power. And coordinate the conflict between national legislation, build a perfect habitat protection legal system. Secondly, set up a special protection department, strengthen the cooperation between member countries, and match the corresponding habitat protection measures, such as biological corridors, Public participation, biological database and so on, in order to establish a scientific and feasible legal system of habitat protection, effectively improve the current situation of habitat in the subregion.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

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